The largest ship engine in the world. The biggest engines made by man

The transport ship Emma Maersk is one of the largest ships in the world. This ship has 400 meters in dyne and weighs over 170 thousand tons. He is able to transport a huge number of containers, 11 thousand standard containers are placed on it. On this ship installed biggest engine  in a world that is able to move this whopper.

Naturally, in order for this ship to move at a decent speed, a very powerful propulsion system is needed. After all, cargo on such a large ship should not be delivered slower than on other smaller vessels. The vessel can reach a speed of 31 knots, this speed is achieved due to the work of the huge Wartsila-Sulzer RTA96-C diesel engine, which operates at a speed of 102 rpm. It is one of the most powerful diesel engines in the world. Its power is 109 thousand horsepower.

The largest engine in the world  It has huge dimensions, its height is 13.5 meters, length 27.5 meters, weight 2300 tons. Such a huge diesel engine certainly has its own characteristics, for example, it does not have a crankshaft, fuel pumps, and there are no chain switchgears.

A large diesel engine has a common high-pressure fuel line. Solenoid valves deliver fuel to the cylinders. This fuel delivery system allows the unit to consume less diesel fuel, as well as to operate more stably at low speeds. Of course, such a large installation consumes a large amount of fuel, the engine has 14 cylinders, each of them consumes 200 grams of diesel per cycle.

To date, there are 25 units of Wartsila-Sulzer RTA96-C diesel engines, and another 86 units are waiting in line for production.

So, what is special about this engine except that itbiggest in the world? Nothing special at all, the Finns didn’t come up with anything new, by the way Wartsilla is a Finnish company, most designers come from the USSR and the Japanese company builds the engine itself, it turns out from the Finns the largest engine in the world got only the name, well, it doesn't matter.

Then another question arose, where to stick such a sickly unit? Stuck such dvigun appears in sea vessels, oil tankers and container ships.
Some facts and characteristics. The fact is that, oddly enough, the largest engine in the world turned out to be a two-stroke engine, which also has four turbines. How they are torn between the fourteen cylinders of the Wartsilla Sulzer RTA96 is not clear to me, but the fact is that there are four of them.

It is also worth noting the principle of operation, which is similar to the principle of operation of the Soviet boxer two-stroke diesel engines that stood on T64 tanks. The engine has direct direct injection, which is done through three nozzles at once. At the head of each cylinder there is an exhaust valve that opens every two strokes of the engine. Fresh air is supplied through windows located at the bottom of the cylinder and opening each time the piston reaches bottom dead center, thanks to the presence of turbocharging, the ventilation of the cylinders goes as well as possible. Having such a mass, the crankshaft rotates not on roller bearings, but on sliding bearings, liners. To all of the above, we can add that the maximum speed of the Wartsilla Sulzer RTA96 crankshaft is about 100 rpm, which is not much for a modern engine. However, the low speed of the largest engine in the world is well founded, thus achieving almost complete gas exchange in the engine cylinders, and the low speed ensures durability of the rubbing parts, which is one of the most important indicators. Imagine how to repair the largest engine in the world, which is installed in the engine room, also not the smallest ship? To get to it, you have to turn the floor of the ship. So the reliability of a marine engine is very important. Another fact: Wartsilla Sulzer RTA96 is the engine of a huge electric generator that generates electricity for other electric motors, which set in motion vessels of this size.

There are only two such fourteen cylinder giants in the world. One of them is installed on the Maersk Line container ship, but in general, the number of Wartsilla engines with four to fourteen cylinders is about a hundred around the world.

Now the technical specifications of the world's largest Wartsilla Sulzer RTA96 engine.

On various ships you can find many options for such diesels, but the Wartsila-Sulzer engine, or rather the RTA96-C model, deserves special attention.

Immediately, we note that this unit can rightfully be considered the largest and most powerful engine in the world, and the installation also has the largest engine size compared to similar counterparts. So, first things first.

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Diesel giant: specifications

Finnish manufacturer Wartsila is a leader among companies that specialize in the development and production of marine diesel engines. Units have a high unit capacity.

The first Wartsila engine, the Sulzer with the RTA96-C index, received 11 cylinders and appeared back in the 90s. ICE is a two-stroke marine diesel engine and was assembled at the facilities of the Japanese company Diesel United.

Then, in 2002, the availability of the 14-cylinder version was announced. We add that today the company produces several options for such ICE. The main difference is the number of cylinders, which can be from 6 to 14, while the overall design is almost the same. It is noteworthy that the cylinder diameter in such an internal combustion engine is 960 mm, and the stroke is as much as 2.5 meters.

As for the working volume, the indicator is fixed at around 1820 liters. Typically, a specified diesel engine with a different number of cylinders is put on large vessels with a capacity of about 8,000 or 10,000 tons, which carry containers (container ship). The specified marine diesel generator is the main power plant, allowing the ship to reach a speed of 25 knots, which is slightly more than 45 km / h.

The total power of the RTA96-C is at 108920 hp. with a working volume of 25,480 liters. If we consider the power of such a diesel engine in terms of 1 liter of fuel, we get a little more than 4 hp. per liter of fuel. At first glance, this is quite a bit. Moreover, it is not a secret for anyone that manufacturers of car engines have long removed at least a hundred “horses” from 1 liter.

However, it is important to understand that reduced power with this working volume is an intentional step. The fact is that marine diesel engines are “slow-moving” and very reliable, the speed at maximum power has a frequency of only 102 rpm, while automotive diesel ICEs rotate at a frequency of about 3-4 thousand rpm.

Such a slow and quiet operation of the unit on the ship allows for improved filling and ventilation of huge cylinders, the piston speed is also low, but the motor is not bad at the same time. In practice, this means that the fuel consumption in this engine in all modes is 118-126 grams of diesel fuel per 1 hp. at one o'clock. This figure is actually one and a half or even two times lower compared to diesel engines on cars.

Compressors pump air, passing it through coolers, to special "windows" that are made at the bottom of the cylinder. These windows open at the moment when the piston reaches the BDC (bottom dead center) and allow air to pass through. Also, a special (crosshead) mechanism is used to transfer force from the piston to the crankshaft. This solution allows, as well as reduce the weight of the unit.

This approach is fully justified, taking into account the peculiarities of fuel ignition in a diesel engine, high loads on a diesel engine, vibration load of the installation and the need to ensure maximum durability. All parts of which the largest engine is made are made using proven and strong metals. Traditional solutions are cast iron and steel.

What is the result

Finally, we add, despite the great success in the production of heavy-duty marine diesel engines, Wartsila engineers continue to intend to stop at the result.

The evidence is the information that work is underway to create even more powerful marine internal combustion engines. For example, applications for the development of an 18-cylinder marine diesel engine have already been made public.

This means that soon, against the background of the diesel generators already available in the lineup, an even more powerful ICE with impressive dimensions and characteristics will appear. In other words, soon the next largest engine in the world will be put into operation.

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What gives the injection of water into the engine, the principle of operation, the main advantages and disadvantages. How to make water injection into the motor yourself, affordable ways.

The thrill of riding a powerful and impossible to convey in words. To press the pedal to the stop and rush along the highway at a speed of more than 400 km / h is the dream of every motorist. The best engineers in the automotive industry understand drive enthusiasts and every year they release new engines that hit drivers around the world. Of course, such machines cost a lot of money, and some are still not available on the market and are custom-made. They show not only a passion for speed, but also the solvency of the driver.

The origin of internal combustion engines

Most drivers love to discuss the power of their vehicles with friends, as well as read related articles and study ratings. At the same time, not everyone knows how and in what form diesel and gasoline engines existed earlier.

Type of internal combustion engine The history of internal combustion engines goes back to the very end of the eighteenth century. So, in 1799, the Frenchman Philippe Lebon patented his invention - a gas-fired engine, also an open engineer. Since then, there has been a lot of research (mostly unsuccessful) and a number of inventions, thanks to which the engine has become the one we know.

The first gasoline engine appeared after a series of tests and proposals from engineers of that time - they were looking for new types of fuel. Among other mixtures, kerosene was tried, but it differed in that it did not evaporate well. To replace it came gasoline, previously known only to housewives - it was sold in pharmacies as a cleaning agent. In 1888, Russian Ogneslav Kostovich visited the Department of Trade and Manufactures with a request to issue permission for the use of a new engine. “Advanced, operating with kerosene, gasoline, oil, lighting and other gases and explosives” - this motor has become fundamental in modern production. Kostovich received permission only in 1892. For a period of 4 years, he managed to patent the invention in the UK and the USA.

Ogneslav Kostovich invented the gas engine not to make life easier for motorists, but to create his own airship with an innovative design, including the type of power supply. The project never saw the light, but the motor was perfect for land vehicles. The Kostovich engine had a water cooling system, electric ignition and an opposed cylinder arrangement.

The first diesel engine, whose technology is also widely distributed today, has a more popular origin story. It was created by Rudolf Diesel, known to many - the technology and type of fuel is named in his honor. In 1890, Diesel introduced the idea that for better fuel economy it is necessary to apply fast compression technology. In 1893, Rudolph received a patent for a diesel engine, after 4 years having released the first working prototype. The engine was characterized by high efficiency, but it was too large, so for a long time gasoline units were a priority.

What determines engine power

To better understand this, you need to know how its running potential is calculated. First of all, it depends on the amount of horsepower. The term was coined by James Watt, a Scottish inventor and engineer. This was necessary to calculate the equivalent number of horses needed to pull a steam engine - also Watt's project. In 1789, the inventor made a series of mathematical calculations, exploring the horse's capabilities averaged over a long period of time. So, one horsepower amounted to the equivalent of 735 watts. It is noteworthy that the power measurement system in watts (W, W) was named after James Watt 64 years after his death.

One way or another, the motor power is a variable value. It depends on the engine speed. The maximum power of the average motor is approximately 6,000 rpm. Of course, no one drives at such speeds - when moving around the city, the tachometer shows about 3,000 rpm. When driving with an indicator equal to half the potential of the engine, its power is also halved. To increase the number of revolutions, it is necessary to lower the transmission of the transmission box.

A set of revolutions takes some time, which does not allow mobilizing all horsepower instantly. During the set of revolutions, the torque corresponds - the third indicator, on which the real engine power depends.

Thus, the actual engine power depends not only on the amount of horsepower. An equally important factor is the number of revolutions that allow you to realize the potential, as well as the torque that determines the time spent on this. In addition, the power depends on the mass of the machine - the number of liters. from. per tonne of weight is called the "specific indicator".

Rating of cars of 2019 on which the most powerful engines in the world are installed

In 2019, the Dodge Challenger received a new complete set - Hellcat Redeye with a capacity of 797 horsepower. The power of one of the world's most powerful car engines, the standard Hellcat, has been increased to 717, and numerous modifications and additional options are present in the entire Challenger line. All R / T Scat Pack models have an aluminum casing, while the R / T version now comes in Widebody form.

Under the hood

In the rear-wheel drive (RWD) SXT and GT, the standard is a 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 engine rated at 305 horsepower, four-wheel drive (AWD) is offered as an additional modification. The transition to R / T leads to the appearance of the first in the Hemi V8 series, in this case a 375-horsepower 5.7-liter engine and a 6-speed manual (an 8-speed automatic transmission reduces power to 372).

The passenger R / T Scat Pack is equipped with a 6.4-liter Hemi V8, also known as 392, rated at 485 horsepower with a manual or 8-speed automatic transmission. The SRT Hellcat is adding a 717 horsepower 6.2-liter supercharged V8 that would make it the most powerful of all if it weren't for the 797-horsepower SRT Hellcat Redeye. All Challenger with V8 except Redeye can be ordered with a 6-speed manual gearbox.

Available options:

• 3.6-liter V6 (SXT, GT).
• 305 horsepower at 6350 rpm.
• 363 Nm of torque at 4800 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 12.3 / 7.8 liters. per 100 km. (rear-wheel drive), 13 / 8.7 (all-wheel drive).

• 5.7-liter Hemi V8.
• 372 horsepower at 5200 rpm (automatic).
• 375 horsepower at 5150 rpm (mechanics).
• 542 Nm of torque at 4400 rpm (automatic).
• 555 Nm of torque at 4300 rpm (mechanics).
• Fuel consumption in the city highway - 14.7 / 9.4 liters. per 100 km. (automatic), 15.6 / 10.2 l. (Mechanics).

• 6.4-liter Hemi V8.
• 485 horsepower at 6,000 rpm.
• 644 Nm of torque at 4200 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 15.6 / 9.8 liters. per 100 km. (automatic), 16.8 / 10.2 l. (Mechanics).

• 6.2-liter supercharged Hemi V8 (SRT Hellcat).
• 717 horsepower at 6000 rpm.
• 889 Nm of torque at 4800 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 18 / 10.7 liters. (automatic), 18 / 11.2 l. (Mechanics).

• 6.2-liter supercharged Hemi V8 engine (SRT Hellcat Redeye).
• 797 horsepower at 6300 rpm.
• 958 Nm of torque at 4,500 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 18 / 10.7 liters. per 100 km.

The 2019 Chevrolet Corvette is again pushing the boundaries of performance. A new extreme ZR1 will debut this year. Thus, the Corvette range is expanded to four models available both in and in other body styles. Each of the cars was tested on the famous (and sometimes frightening) German Nurburgring track and is an incredible find compared to its much more expensive European competition, despite the fact that the ZR1 has overcome the $ 120,000 barrier.

Try to find another such sports supercar with an amazing power of 755 horsepower for $ 250,000. Even the basic Stingray still delivers 455 horsepower in a lightweight body, which is enough for most people. Corvette, now in its seventh generation, also has its own manners, sophistication, equipment and other features.

This is a beast with a capacity of 755 horsepower, whose huge power makes him a member of the club, which also includes cars Ferrari, Lamborghini and Bentley.

Under the hood

One 6.2-liter V8, four options. Stingray and Grand Sport have a naturally aspirated version. In the first, he develops 455 horsepower. The optional active exhaust system (standard for the Grand Sport) increases it to 460 horsepower. The 2019 Corvette Z06 has a supercharger to generate 650 horsepower, while the new 2019 ZR1 boosts its injection volume to 755 horsepower, making it the most powerful production car GM has ever produced.

All corvettes have rear-wheel drive and use a 7-speed manual gearbox with RPM function, which presses the gas to simulate the movement of the heel and toe for smoother transitions between gears.

Available options:

• 6.2 liter V8.
• 455 horsepower at 6000 rpm + 623 Nm of torque at 4600 rpm.
• With active exhaust - 460 horsepower at 6,000 rpm + 630 Nm of torque at 4,600 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 14.7 / 9.4 liters. per 100 km. (Stingray, mechanics), 15.6 / 9.4 liters. (Stingray, automatic), 15.6 / 10.7 l. (Grand Sport, mechanics), 16.8 / 19.6 liters. (GS, automatic).

• The 6.2-liter supercharged V8 (Z06, ZR1).
• 650 horsepower at 6400 rpm + 881 Nm of torque at 3600 rpm.
• 755 horsepower at 6300 rpm + 969 Nm of torque at 4400 rpm.

Despite the flagship S-class lineup, the 2019 Mercedes-AMG S63 and S65 turn this majestic luxury car into a powerful car, as attractive as the Porsche Panamera Turbo, but with a more comfortable adult rear seat. Of course, unlike the large S-Class, AMG models are more popular because the S63 and S65 provide amazing straightforward performance, backed by brilliant handling. AMG models are equipped with manual twin-turbo engines: V8 for S63 and V12 for S65. They are also available in coupes and sedans, equipped with the best Mercedes-Benz features and the highest price tags.

If you love the size and sophistication of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class, but feel that it lacks the bold design necessary for young people, be sure to pay attention to the 2019 Mercedes-AMG S63 and S65. Powerful and productive V12 S65 is becoming less common. If you plan to spend up to $ 250,000 on a large luxury sedan, then something more exclusive will suit you, such as the Bentley Flying Spur, Porsche Panamera Turbo Executive, or even Rolls Royce Ghost.

In 2019, changes to the Mercedes-AMG S63 and S65 are limited to two new steering wheel options, one in wood and leather, and the other in carbon fiber.

Under the hood

2019 Mercedes-AMG S63 models are equipped with a handmade 4-liter twin-turbocharged V8 V8 engine with more than 603 horsepower. (or 4Matic) is standard for these models and provides 0-100 km per hour in a 3 second range.

The even more expensive Mercedes-AMG S65 models are among the few new cars still offering the V12. In this case, it is a 6.0-liter engine with two turbines. Compared to the V8, it does not have much more power - 621 versus 603 - but provides a torque similar to a locomotive, 1001 Nm.

Unlike the S63, the Mercedes-AMG S65 models have rear-wheel drive. The S63 uses 9-speed transmission, while the S65 uses 7 speeds. Fuel consumption is not entirely economical. Both have a start / stop system that shuts off the engine at idle.

Available engine options:

• 4.0 liter Twin-Turbo V8 (S63).
• 603 horsepower at 5500-6000 rpm.
• 900 Nm of torque at 2250–4500 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 13.8 / 9 liters. per 100 km. (sedan), 13.8 / 8.7 l. (compartment), 15.6 / 9.8 liters. (cabriolet).

• 6.0 liter twin turbo V12 (S65).
• 621 h.p. at 4800-5400 rpm.
• 1001 Nm of torque at 2300-4300 rpm.
• Fuel consumption in the city / highway - 18 / 10.7 liters. per 100 km. (sedan), 18 / 11.2 l. (compartment), 16.8 / 11.2 liters. (cabriolet).

The 2019 BMW M5 proves that there are still a lot of fans with high-performance sedans, mainly thanks to the 4.4-liter V8 with two turbines, which develops an excellent power of 600 horsepower. Using standard all-wheel drive, this 6th-generation Bavarian super sedan accelerates to 100 km. per hour in 3.2 seconds and reaching a maximum speed of 250 km. at one o'clock.

Features

For experienced drivers looking for serious thrills, the M5 can be switched to “rear-wheel drive only” mode, which provides for drift and other machinations. In addition, the new 2019 BMW M9 Competition - with aggressive suspension, stiffer engine mounts and a 617-horsepower V8 - the new M5 Competition is the most powerful BMW M5 ever sold. Its maximum speed is 304 km. at one o'clock.

If you are a longtime fan of the BMW M or you just need the most powerful model in the BMW 5 Series lineup, the new M5 is perfect. Its impressive track abilities are backed up by impeccable everyday simplicity and luxury. If you do not take into account brand loyalty, the new M5 model worth $ 103,700 is a very expensive proposition. And keep the following in mind: the M550i costs about $ 30,000 less, and this top model in the standard BMW 5 Series lineup has a V8 engine.

The BMW M5 Competition ($ 111,000) is the new model for 2019. In addition to its 617-horsepower V8, this hyper-sports M5 has a more aggressive suspension, stiffer engine mounts and lightweight forged wheels. In addition, Apple CarPlay has become the standard in all 2019 BMW M5s.

Under the hood

The twin-engine 4.4-liter V8 engine in the 2019 BMW M5 produces 600 horsepower. In the new BMW M5 Competition, the same base V8 develops 617 horsepower thanks to fine-tuning and a less coarse M Sport exhaust system. The 2019 M9 all-wheel drive engine can withstand sharp acceleration, and this is truly a thrilling sensation, accompanied by abrupt transitions of BMW's superior 8-speed automatic transmission.

While users are pleased that the BMW allows the M5 to switch to rear-wheel drive tuning through an M-specific system, do this with caution. The M5 is equipped with an engine start / stop function that saves fuel by reducing engine idle power. Keep in mind that automatic restart occurs suddenly, therefore it is recommended to turn off the system using the button under the red ignition button.

Available ICE options:

• 600 horsepower at 5700-6,600 rpm.
• 749 Nm of torque at 1800–5700 rpm.
•   in the city / highway - 15.6 / 11.2 liters. per 100 km.

• 4.4 liter turbocharged V8.
• 617 horsepower at 6000 rpm.
• 749 Nm of torque at 1800-5860 rpm.

For the 143 years that have passed since the invention of the first engine familiar to us, the auto industry has made tremendous progress. The power of modern engines has stepped far beyond a thousand and is not going to stop.

The best prices and conditions for the purchase of new cars

Devices that convert some form of energy into mechanical work, mankind has been using for quite some time. For example, the first engine in history can be considered a sail, which will flow for more than 7 thousand years. The name for such converting devices was borrowed in German - German motor, which translates as an engine.

Mankind has developed under conditions of constant scientific and technological progress, which invariably led to the appearance of ever new mechanisms that make life easier.

Among the variety, engines are distinguished by the source of energy and by the type of movement. Among the variety of these devices, we consider the largest, and find out which is the largest engine in the world.

Wärtsilä, located in Finland, has released the largest diesel engine in the world from its workshops. The product of Finnish designers and engineers is used on the largest container ships plowing the sea.

With a length of 89 feet, the weight of this giant reaches 23,000 tons. One crankshaft of a huge engine weighs 300 tons. An hour of work consumes 13,000 liters of fuel oil.

The largest rocket engine in the history of rocket science was designed by the Americans in the early 60s of the twentieth century. A three-stage rocket engine was created to implement the US lunar program.

At the start, the Saturn V traction force was 34500000 Nm, which made it possible to launch a cargo weighing 130 tons into orbit.

After 13 successful launches from 1967 to 1973, the program was closed. It is worth noting that in the USSR there was a similar rocket carrier Energia, which launched the Buran into orbit.

The world's largest turbogenerator uses a unique technology that converts the steam coming from a nuclear reactor into electricity. Four of these generators operate in France.

The design of Arabelle was developed in the late 80s of the last century, and took into account the accumulated experience of previous models. A number of functions of a turbogenerator significantly increase its efficiency and reduce installation and maintenance costs.

Wind rotor Siemens SWT-6.0-154

The device that converts wind energy uses direct drive technology, which significantly improves efficiency and also increases the service life due to fewer fast-moving parts.

The diameter of the rotor itself is 154 meters, which allows you to generate 6500 kW of energy. The uniqueness of the design allows the wide use of SWT-6.0-154 in open areas of sea coasts.

The undisputed record holder among aviation ICE in size and power is Lycoming XR-7755.

The volume of the aircraft engine is 127 liters with a total weight of 2740 kilograms. 5 thousand horsepower engine lifted the B-26 bombers into the sky.

In the entire history, only two such unique aircraft engines were designed and produced.

SRT Viper, VX

In 2013, the Chrysler Group began production of cars on which the most powerful engine ever used in the automotive industry is installed.

The specifications are truly impressive. The volume of the SRT Viper is 8.4 liters, but the power is 649 horsepower. With these parameters, the car accelerates to 100 kilometers per hour in 3.3 seconds. The maximum speed that a sports car with such an engine develops is 330 km per hour.

Chevrolet "572" 9.2 V8

Large engines American automobile manufacturer

"General Motors" began to develop in the mid-50s. The Chevrolet "572" 9.2 engine belongs to the fifth generation of such engines.

With a volume of 9.4 liters, it is the largest car engine in the world, but inferior to the SRT Viper in power.

But the designers do not leave hope, and continue to work on truly fantastic projects to create the largest engines.

This three-cylinder engine, rated at 140 horsepower, is mounted on a high-speed motorcycle.

The power unit of British manufacturers has a liquid cooling system and a 5-speed gearbox, and fuel consumption in the city is 8.2 liters per 100 km.

In the end, another aviation giant used on the 777 Boeing series. The implementation of such a project was expensive, but they paid off efficiently and in the shortest possible time.

Power of the aircraft engine 569000 N.m. its design, made of materials capable of withstanding heavy loads and a temperature of 1316 degrees Celsius, is also unique.

Conclusion

So we presented our ten largest engines in the world. As you can see, they are used in various industries, from rocket carriers capable of launching large spaceships to engines mounted on motorcycles. It was the largest engines that allowed mankind to accelerate faster than sound and overcome the gravity of the earth.

Technological progress does not stand still, and perhaps soon, human genius will create an even more powerful engine, and the largest engine will be able to deliver a person to other planets.