Gas heating in private. The optimal heating scheme for a private house with a gas boiler

In order for a private house to be safe and comfortable living, the owner must be puzzled by installing a good heating system. There are several ways to maintain heat in the house, but the most popular of them is gas heating.

Today we will consider this topic in more detail, we will analyze what disadvantages and advantages gas heating has, how to choose a gas boiler and find out what heating options exist in this way.

The advantages of gas heating at home are:

The price of the gas itself. It is the most adequate based on the labor costs for heating.
Low losses. Gas heating ensures that 80-90% of the heat generated by it will go to heating your home, and will not be uselessly spent.
Despite the small size of the equipment, it is able to heat large rooms.
The unit is silent and does not require special care. The system is autonomous and can itself maintain the required temperature, so you do not have to constantly monitor it.
There is no dirt from the gas boiler.
Double-circuit gas boilers not only heat the house, but also supply hot water.
Gas holders that contain gas are considered safe for humans.

As you can see, it is quite profitable to purchase such a heating system. But we must not forget about the shortcomings that any type of heating has.

Perhaps, when purchasing a boiler, do not forget that:

The autonomy of the system is often ensured by electricity. Therefore, in the event of its interruptions or malfunctions, the operation of the boiler will stop, fail. Electricity creates the traction necessary for closed sediment, is responsible for the circulation of water. If it is turned off, for example, in winter, then the likelihood of stagnation is high.
The autonomy of the system is acquired for a lot of money, which can reach several hundred thousand.
The room should be ventilated, have a chimney. This is necessary for the removal of exhaust gases. Affects more open type gas units
When purchasing gas heating, you need to adhere to the climate of your area. Boilers of European brands will not survive severe frosts, since they are not sharpened by sharp changes in Russian temperatures.
A worn burner reduces the efficiency of the gas boiler. But this is rather not a minus, but something that should be borne in mind.

Calculation of gas consumption for heating a house

And now we’ll calculate whether it is profitable to install gas heating in a private house. To do this, we calculate how many liters are spent on heating.

To calculate the consumed gas, you need to multiply the amount of kV needed to heat the house by one tenth of the volume of gas. Then it will turn out to find out how many cubic meters of gas is consumed in one hour.

For example, we have housing with an area of \u200b\u200b250 square meters. Then for heating the house you need a boiler with a capacity of 25 kV. Then:

25 kV * 0.1 m 3 \u003d 2.5 m 3 / h.

Means, for a day it is spent:

2.5 m 3 / h * 24 h \u003d 60 m 3

For a month (we take 30 days):

60 m 3 * 30 d \u003d 1800 m 3

For a year they think this: they choose three cold months and add three more months to them, during which the boiler will work at half power. For convenience, take 100 days in the first and 100 days in the second case. Then in a year comes out:

(60 m 3 * 100 d) + (30 m 3 * 100 d) \u003d 9000 m 3

For houses with a smaller area, this figure is, of course, less. In addition, what comes out mathematically does not always correspond to practice. Usually the real figure is less than the declared.

When calculating, only heating is taken into account.

Simple manipulations will help to reduce the amount of heat loss, gas flow,

It is necessary to pay attention to the insulation of the house. This also applies to the roof.
Replace, if necessary, windows with plastic and replace doors.
Install a heat accumulator, heating radiators, that is, equipment that allows you to save heat economically.
Insulate the floors.

Selection and types of gas boilers

You should know that. Each species has its own right to exist and will provide gas heating to a private house well.

Single-circuit and double-circuit boilers

Single-circuit boilers designed exclusively for heating and do not perform any other functions. They are purchased if you do not need to heat hot water directly from the gas boiler.

Such boilers operate directly on the heating system. They can also be used to heat an indirect heating boiler, which in turn is used to provide hot water to the house.

Double-circuit gas boilers Ideal for heating rooms as well as for heating water. It should be noted that double-circuit boilers are not always effective for heating water. Usually only one active point is enough. If, for example, you go to the shower and someone decides to wash the dishes, then you will already take a cold shower. Keep this in mind when buying.

Wall and floor boilers

Wall-mounted boilers are safe and automated, but often work only on one type of gas - natural. (There are models in which you can change the burner and they will work on liquefied gas). They can be installed in kitchens, since it has a smaller size compared to the floor.

The power of wall-mounted boilers is often limited to 35-40 kW. Therefore, if you want to make gas heating in a large house, you will either have to put two wall-mounted boilers in cascade mode of operation, or install a floor-standing boiler.

Floor boilers can heat huge rooms, as they have a lot of power. They are universal in terms of fuel consumption: natural, liquefied, and main gas are suitable. They are volatile and independent. Often use a cast-iron heat exchanger. Due to their performance, they have an efficiency lower than that of a wall, but at the same time a longer service life.

Gas heating options

While reading the article, you probably noticed references to liquefied and main gases. A reasonable question arises: how do they differ? Is it more profitable to heat a private house with the help of a main or cylinders? Now let's figure it out.

Types of gas heating:

Trunk. The most environmentally friendly. It consists mainly of methane, which is purified from various impurities, leaving a tiny amount of odorant, which allows people to detect gas leaks. However, when you install it, you can not do without a headache. You will need to coordinate documents with official authorities, you will need to worry about sufficient pressure in the pipes, and the wiring itself is a rather difficult event.
Liquefied. The same gas in bright red cylinders, in which the familiar propane-butane mixture is stored. But they will not interfere if you install an underground tank in which you can safely store cylinders. It is required in replenishment once or twice a year. Suitable for any boilers.

As you can see, liquefied gas is more profitable than main, but it is important to remember that about 50 liters of gas are placed in one cylinder. One such cylinder is changed every two to three days. While the main pipe goes to your apartments. And gas holders in which gas is stored in cylinders are filled with a special machine. This fact is taken into account in the winter. The store must be cleared of snow.

Alternative methods of heating a private house

Gas is not the only heat source that can warm your home. There is still indoors. But are they so beneficial compared to the gas system?

Alternative heating methods for a private house:

Electricity The most common and affordable source of energy, however, it is almost the most expensive. It may not be enough for heating a private house, since not every power supply can transfer the amount of energy needed for heating. Malfunctions in winter are not excluded. Not the most economical and practical option.
Diesel. Diesel fuel has a high price. It transfers a very unpleasant aroma, from which you can’t get rid of anything either at home or on the street. And if you take diesel fuel of insufficient quality, then the heating system may break down. Not the best option.
Solid fuels. Coal and wood. They must be delivered two to four times a day to the heating system. Every day, ash must be removed from the heating system. Naturally, heating a house a year will require a considerable amount of this kind of fuel. This requires large sums of money. They should have a separate warehouse, in addition, they are dangerous, as they can emit carbon monoxide. In this regard, gas installations are more economical and safer.
Pellets These are special granules that are made from peat and wood waste. Its disadvantages are akin to the negative sides of coal and firewood: you need a room to store a large number of pellets, they do not smell very good and they often need to be loaded into the heating system. The difference is that they are cheaper than all the above types of fuel, except gas. Yes, and they need to be loaded less frequently than firewood or coal: no more than once a week. Not a bad option.

It is obvious that gas heating wins in many ways: efficiency, ease of operation, minimal heat loss, low cost of fuel itself. Therefore, if you decide to install a good heating system, then opt for a system with gas heating of the coolant.

Useful Related Videos

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Heating of residential buildings with systems where gas is used has proved its high efficiency, the equipment is safe in operation, generates thermal energy and has high efficiency. There are several ways to organize heating of a private gas-powered house; budget solutions are economical, practical and stable.

Gas line or gas holder

Gas heating schemes in a private house are different: blue fuel can come from the main pipeline, cylinders with liquefied gas or from a gas tank.

The gas mixture is supplied through the pipes to the private sector, the main component of which is methane, the liquefied analogue is a propane-butane mixture, the pressure in the cylinders is from 15 to 18 atmospheres.

A gas heating system designed for the use of liquefied gas is not a convenient solution. Tank containers with a volume of 50 liters in winter will need to be changed after 2 or 3 days, it is better to use a gas tank with a volume equal to 20 cubic meters.

To choose the right cubic capacity, you need to take into account the level of consumption, how much blue fuel will be needed to heat a house, a hot water boiler, a gas stove with a fireplace.

So, for a country cottage with an area of \u200b\u200b150 m2, you need a gas tank having a volume of 2 or 3 thousand liters. If the area of \u200b\u200bthe mansion is 300 m2 or more, then a model for 8 or 9 thousand liters is suitable.

The most advantageous option is the option of connecting to the main gas pipeline, but this can only be done if the settlement is gasified. However, in some cases, the installation of a gas holder costs land owners cheaper when the village is located at a great distance from the gas pipeline.

The choice of gas boiler

If the homeowner has chosen an autonomous gas heating option, he will need to buy the appropriate boiler model. There is equipment for sale that is designed to use natural gas supplied from the main pipeline. However, most models are capable of burning both types of blue fuel, in any case, clarify this issue when buying.

Modern manufacturers offer consumers various types of gas generators equipped with a variety of options for automatic systems and capable of operating in different modes.

A gas boiler for heating a private house is installed in various ways:

on the wall;
on the floor.

Wall-mounted models are more compact in size, but their power indicators have limitations. The gas heating photo shows that mounted boilers are installed in country houses, and floor units - in large mansions.

The principle of operation of the equipment is simple:

Blue fuel is ignited in the burner using electric ignition or a piezoelectric element.
During gas combustion, thermal energy is released, which enters the heat exchanger.
Heat is transferred to the water used as a heat carrier in the heating system.

The equipment heat exchanger is made of stainless steel, cast iron or copper, it is preferable to choose a gas boiler for heating with a cast iron heat exchanger: it is not subject to corrosion, however, such models are produced by manufacturers only in the floor-mounted version.

Boiler selection - single-circuit / double-circuit

The number of circuits of the water boiler affects the piping scheme, which determines the principle of use.

If hot water is required for domestic needs, it is better to purchase a storage boiler, it should be borne in mind that the flow model consumes more gas.

The single-circuit model is designed exclusively for heating, the dual-circuit model is for the production of hot water and heating.

The double-circuit boiler for heating has 2 circuits with a heat exchanger, both circuits function independently of each other.

Choosing a combustion chamber

Gas will completely burn out when oxygen is constantly supplied to the furnace from the room where the equipment is installed or from the street.

The chambers of gas boilers are divided into 2 categories:

closed. The flow of oxygen is provided due to the gap that exists between paired pipes with different diameters, the removal of combustion products through the internal channel.
open. Recharge of air occurs as a result of the operation of the heating installation, and the output of combustion products is carried out through the smoke channel.

For a gas boiler with an open combustion chamber, it will be necessary to buy and install a chimney pipe 5 or 6 m high to create a sufficiently powerful draft to ensure the flow of oxygen in the right amount.

Distinctive features of condensing equipment

In condensation models, the steam generated during gas combustion gives off heat to water, so that the temperature of the coolant rises.

The spent condensate, which is actually a weakly concentrated acid, is discharged into the sewer system.

Photo of gas heating in a private house

Gas today is the best-priced resource for heating a private house. If there is a gas main next to the house, consider that you will not find other cheaper options. Most owners of private homes have one goal - to achieve the maximum positive effect of the system, spending a minimum of money and effort on its installation and operation. How to gas heating a private house with your own hands?

How to choose a gas boiler

It should be noted right away that, speaking of gas heating, it is still meant that the heating medium is heated by gas. But in the role of a coolant, water most often acts. What are the parameters for choosing gas boilers:

By power. Boilers of low power (up to 65kW) and medium power (up to 1700kW) are an ideal choice for a heating system of a private house. In the Soviet Union, the calculation of the power of a gas boiler was carried out according to the formula 1 kW of power per 10 sq.m. area. However, for greater convenience, you can see on the website of the boiler manufacturer special calculators for calculating the power of boilers, which take into account the characteristics of the region, house area, ceiling height, number of floors and other parameters. From above it is better to add another 20% of power in case of unforeseen situations.
Boilers can be single and double circuit. Single-circuit units are used only for heating. If you also need hot water heating - choose a dual-circuit boiler. Immediately determine the need for hot water: if it is not more than 15 liters per minute with a temperature of up to 30 ° C, a compact and convenient flow-type boiler will become an adequate option. If hot water is needed in full, then the best option would be to buy a boiler with a boiler. The boiler can create a reserve of hot water with a volume of 50l to 200l.
Floor or wall. Floor boilers are large in size, are installed on the floor and can easily cope with the largest premises. Usually, a separate small room is allocated for the installation of a floor boiler. Modern wall-mounted boilers can cope with space heating up to 300 sq. M., Are compact in size and can be installed directly on the wall in the kitchen.
Type of burner. An atmospheric burner boiler requires a traditional flue system. These models are characterized by low efficiency, but also ease of operation and low cost. Units with a turbocharged burner in the design have an electric turbine for forced ventilation of the combustion chamber. Such systems have higher efficiency and they are practically independent of gas pressure drops.

In addition, when choosing a boiler, you should pay attention to the material of which the heat exchanger is made - cast iron or steel. Cast iron is more durable, but heavier. The ability to adjust power is also important: smooth or two-stage. It is impossible to answer unequivocally which boiler is better without knowledge of specific operating conditions.

The heating system can be with natural and forced circulation. In the creation of a natural system, circulation occurs due to the difference in the density of hot and cold water, and a pump works in the forced system.

An important element in the system is the wiring of heating, which can be of two types:

monotube: for small houses with a small number of rooms;
two-pipe: ideal for controlling the temperature in various rooms.

The one-pipe scheme has a significant drawback - the lower radiators are worse heated, and the radiators of a two-story house are also unevenly heated. However, less materials are consumed, and the problem of uneven heating of the radiators is solved by installing a jumper and increasing the number of radiator sections. To quickly circulate the coolant, a circulation pump is used. A circuit with natural circulation can be implemented if the boiler is placed below the level of radiators. For normal natural circulation, a natural slope of the piping is needed.

The two-pipe system provides uniform heating of the radiators, but the cost of materials and installation will be much greater. The system allows you to adjust the heating of individual radiators. If the boiler is located in the basement, the optimal output would be a two-pipe system with natural circulation.

Gas boiler installation

Installation of gas equipment begins with obtaining approvals and permits. Usually they order a project for the installation of gas equipment and gasification of premises. The project is approved by the gas supplier. In addition, a natural gas supply agreement is concluded. Only after this is the system installed.

A number of requirements have been developed for installing a gas boiler:

ceiling height from 2 and a half meters;
convenient layout with unhindered access to the boiler;
the presence of a gas analyzer;
fire resistance of the walls - not less than 45 minutes.

Gas boilers with a capacity of less than 60 kW can be installed in any room, except for residential and bathrooms. Double-circuit units cannot be mounted in kitchens. Equipment up to 150 kW can be installed on any floor. More powerful devices are installed in the basement or on the ground floor.

If gas equipment is installed in the kitchen, it is necessary to calculate that at least 1 m2 of boiler power is 0.2 m2 of the room. If the kitchen is combined with the dining room, a gas analyzer is required.

Under the floor boiler, a hardened base, a flat floor surface, a floor fireproof coating are required. The unit should stand at least 10 cm from the wall. The wall should be covered with fireproof material over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe device, plus another 10cm around the entire perimeter. Gas burners must be at least 1 m from the wall surface. A level is used to check the evenness of the installation.

The boiler is connected to the chimney, then it will be connected to the home heating system. A hard filter is placed in front of the return entrance. It is advisable to install shut-off valves on all pipes leading to the unit. The double-circuit boiler will be connected to a cold pipeline.

Before installing the wall-mounted unit, rinse the inner tubes into which debris could get into during assembly and transportation. Transport caps are removed from the apparatus and water is passed under pressure through it. Now you can install the unit.

The base wall should be flat and strong and covered with a non-combustible gasket on top. The boiler must be fixed so that between it and the wall there is a gap of 4.5 cm. Other equipment should be at least 20 cm from the unit. The outlet must be near. The unit is mounted on the strips strictly horizontally (check level). Then it is connected to the water pipes. Do not forget to remove the plugs from the nozzles. Install filters at the water inlets.

The gas pipeline to the boiler is connected by a rigid connection through a metal pipe with a paronite gasket. The system must be connected only by a certified specialist.

After installing the boiler, it must be connected to the expansion tank, which is the highest point in the system (therefore, it is installed in the attic). From the bottom point of the tank, a pipe to the collector lowers from its side wall. If the system has a circulation pump, then the collector can be put in any place. If natural circulation is established, the collector must be mounted below the expansion tank. A pipe is also welded on top of the expansion tank to discharge excess coolant into the sewer.

From a collector to radiators pipes are carried. A feed loop is formed. Pipes are also diverted from radiators, through which water that has already given off heat will flow. Return pipes are also collected in a circuit connecting to the boiler. The circulation pump is installed in the return circuit. The main difficulty in installing a two-pipe system is a large number of pipes. However, its effectiveness is much higher than single-tube.

The latest step in installing a two-pipe CO is to install radiators. Radiators are mounted on brackets under the window opening. The number of sections of the radiator or its length are calculated according to the footage of the room. It is necessary to look at the power of the radiator in its technical document and then apply the following formula for calculation: number of sections \u003d (room area x 100 W) / radiator power. This is for rooms with a ceiling height of up to three meters. If the ceiling height is greater, the formula applies:
number of sections \u003d (room area x ceiling height x 40) / radiator power. The number of sections is rounded up.

Radiators are installed exactly in the middle of the window with a tolerance of no more than 2cm. The width of the battery should be 50-75% of the width of the window sill. The distance from the floor should not exceed 12cm. The gap between the edge of the battery and the edge of the window sill should be greater than 5cm. From the wall to the battery should be 2-5cm.

In houses with a 2-pipe heating system, a radiator is usually mounted according to the lower connection diagram, which is characterized by ease of installation and permissible heat loss. During installation, it is imperative to provide for the installation of a Maevsky valve for periodically discharging air, which must be located in the upper part of the battery. Mayevsky’s faucet can be automatic or mechanical: it is in the configuration of the radiator or is already present in the design.

After the installation of all elements of the system is completed, it is crimped. We repeat: the initial start-up of the boiler is carried out only after obtaining documentary permission in the presence of a representative of the gas service.

Autonomous heating requires compliance with the standards for the premises where equipment should be installed and pipelines mounted. We briefly present these requirements.

Boiler room

A separate room in which a gas heating boiler and other auxiliary equipment is installed. It is forbidden to install gas equipment in living rooms. Boiler room requirements:

an area of \u200b\u200bat least 6 m² (based on at least 4 square meters per boiler), a volume of at least 15 m³, a ceiling height of at least 2.2 m;
the presence of at least one window with an area of \u200b\u200b0.5 m²;
fresh air through a hole in the door or from the street;
a free approach to equipment for maintenance;
gas, electricity, water supply. Electricity network: single-phase current, nominal, 220 V, 20 A, grounding, circuit breaker;
communications characteristics must comply with regulatory requirements;
sewerage for the removal of emergency effluents and chimney condensate;
plastered walls, finishing with combustible materials is prohibited;
flat floor made of non-combustible materials;
door at least 0.8 m wide.

The requirements for ventilation and the chimney of the boiler room can be found in detail in the SNB 4.03.01-98, taking into account the changes in publication No. 8, introduced from 2008-03-01.

Furnace

The built-in or attached building for installation usually up to two gas heating boilers up to 100 kW each. Any floor, including basement, basement, attic. A furnace can be a separate building that meets certain requirements that apply to equipment with an open combustion chamber. If the combustion chamber is closed (which is typical for almost all modern boilers), then there are no restrictions in the furnace room.

The minimum volume of furnace depending on the power of the equipment:

up to 30 kW - 7.5 m 3;
up to 60 kW - 13.5 m 3;
up to 200 kW - 15 m 3.

Dimensions of the furnace room:

height not less than 2.2 m;
the width of the passage between the most protruding point of the equipment and the opposite wall should be at least 1 m;
the minimum perimeter of the room and the area can be determined by volume and height.

Supply and exhaust ventilation in the furnace should be provided:

a window with an area of \u200b\u200b0.25 sq. m to the street;
extractor hood in an adjacent room with a grill at the bottom of a wall or door with an area of \u200b\u200b0.02 sq.m.

How to make gas heating a private house with your own hands

Installation of autonomous heating with your own hands is quite within the reach of a person who has the skills of such work. Various installation schemes are considered in detail, attention is paid to individual details.

You can independently perform all the installation work of the heating system at home, except:

Insertion and designing is carried out only by specialized organizations that have licenses.

Work order

The principle of operation of water heating is as follows: water heated by a gas boiler circulates naturally or forcedly through pipelines, giving off heat to the premises. The optimal heating scheme for a two-story private house includes a system with underfloor heating on the first floor and radiator heating on the second floor. The circulation of the coolant can be natural (gravity) or forced (circulation pump).

Consider the installation of autonomous gas heating using an example of a 2-story building:

installation of the boiler in the boiler room on the ground floor;
installation of a safety group, expansion tank, circulation pump
installation of a pump and mixing unit for underfloor heating to circulate the coolant of the desired temperature;
installation of a collector for a warm floor;
laying of a warm floor (the specification of materials and the procedure can be found on the Internet);
installation of radiators and their connection to the collector in all rooms of the second floor;
upon completion of the complete installation of heating, concrete is poured onto the warm floor.

Heating schemes for a private house with a gas boiler can be of two types:

1. Single-circuit heating scheme of a private house with a gas boiler (closed, designed only for space heating)

2. Two-circuit scheme using a special boiler (heating and heating of tap water at the same time)

Autonomous heating wiring diagrams

The wiring of the heating from the gas boiler is based on several typical heating schemes, which differ in the type of circulation of the coolant (usually water) and in the piping wiring methods. The following types of heating installation are distinguished:

A single-pipe heating distribution in which the pipes are looped and the radiators are arranged in series. The coolant, leaving the boiler, passes each radiator in turn. The temperature of the coolant decreases as it moves. Primitive and imperfect, since the temperature of the coolant drops by the end of the cycle.
The Leningradka system with radiators allocated bypasses is an intermediate one and allows eliminating some of the problems of a single-tube circuit;
Advanced Leningradka system with shut-off and balancing valves;
The two-pipe wiring represents parallel supply pipes and return pipes. Allows the heat carrier spent in the radiator to be returned to the boiler for heating. The flow of coolant to the radiator according to this scheme occurs without heat loss.
Beam (collector) wiring distributes the collected coolant to individual radiators. The scheme is complex, it is used infrequently.

Heating schemes of a 2-storey private house can be as follows:

1. Open heating system

Expansion tank - an open tank with an inlet pipe connected to the supply riser. It is installed at the highest point in the heating system - the coolant does not overflow, and the expansion tank additionally serves as an air vent.

2. Closed heating system

A sealed expansion tank is installed in the system, divided by an elastic membrane into water and air chambers. With thermal expansion, excess coolant enters the water chamber of the tank. The pressure in the air chamber increases, and when the temperature decreases, the coolant returns to the pipelines. The tank can be installed at any point, but usually it is mounted next to the boiler on the return pipe. A pressure relief valve is installed.

Scheme with natural and forced recirculation, which are used for heating a two-story private house

How much does turnkey gas heating

Natural gas remains the most economical type of fuel for heating a private home. Gas can be supplied from the gas pipeline using a gas tank or gas cylinders. Connection to gas distribution networks will significantly reduce the amount of installation work.

The list of works on installation of a home heating system:

Inspection at home. A specialist inspects the house, takes measurements of individual rooms, advises the homeowner on technical issues, recommends a layout of equipment, etc.
Heating design. At the design stage, the technical characteristics of the system and the optimal set of equipment are determined: the type of boiler and auxiliary equipment, its equipment, power and location of each element. How much does a private house heating project cost is determined individually, based on the characteristics of the house and the choice of heating system.
Purchase of a boiler and other equipment. The necessary equipment is agreed and purchased with the customer.
Installation of heating. Installation and piping of a gas boiler, installation of pipelines, connection of heating elements. Turnkey design and installation work is carried out strictly according to technical standards, which is a prerequisite
Testing and starting heating. Testing, elimination of defects, start-up and adjustment of the system, putting it into operation.

Prices for the heating device will depend on:

the cost of the selected equipment and materials;
scope of installation work;
area and shape of the house, number of storeys and other features.

A few examples with turnkey prices for installing gas heating (economy class). The price includes a boiler manufactured in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, China, radiators, pipes and work:

the area of \u200b\u200bthe house is 100 sq.m - from 260 thousand rubles;
the area of \u200b\u200bthe house is 200 sq.m - from 350 thousand rubles;
area of \u200b\u200bthe house is 300 sq. m - from 500 thousand rubles.

In the price category "Standard", heating is more expensive by about 20%, in the category "Premium" - by 30 -40%. Some companies also offer prices for the installation of individual elements of the system: installation of a boiler, radiators, pipes, etc. I’m talking about how to connect gas to a country house and how much it costs.

conclusions

There are many schemes for installing and distributing heating in a private house - it is impossible to consider all options within the framework of one article. The choice of an economical heating system for a private house depends on many components, including the number of storeys, the area and the architectural form of the house in the plan. When designing home heating, specialists should be tasked with offering not just the cheapest and most economical heating - the chosen scheme should also heat the house as efficiently as possible, and its maintenance should be quick and inexpensive. Below you will find a detailed video on how to conduct gas heating in a private house with your own hands.

From the method and quality of heating depends on comfort in the house throughout the entire heating season - as much as six months of life. Available natural gas in this case becomes the best choice for a private house and a country cottage. You can connect the house to gas by joining the highway, or using cylinders. Next, consider the pros and cons of the gas system.

Types of gas heating of a private house

For the organization of home heating use main gas or LPG cylinder.

Main gas. The system is considered more environmentally friendly and functional.. This type of heating allows you to build warm floors in the room and more. A significant drawback is the mandatory coordination of securities with official bodies. It will also require the installation of a boiler room and chimney. Strict fire safety rules are imposed for trunk systems; regular preventive measures are mandatory.
Bottled gas. Suitable for any type of boiler, even models originally designed for trunk systems. If you install a balloon system, you will need single-circuit or double-circuit boilers of the corresponding capacity. Most models are also able to switch to liquefied gas, it is enough to replace the burner.

The lower the pressure value in the boiler, the more economical and practical the device will be in operation. The optimal value of boiler efficiency is 90-95%. This indicator is important when choosing a model for liquefied gas, in contrast to trunk systems.

The advantages of gas heating

Main gas is the most profitable fuel for heating a private house.

High efficiency and low cost of gas make gas heating the most profitable way to heat a private house or a country cottage.
Modern gas boilers allow heating large objects.
The automatic operation of the system ensures that even if the flame goes out, the sensor will trigger and start the ignition system. As a result, the user does not need to monitor the boiler constantly.
Double-circuit gas boilers combine two functions: to heat the premises and supply hot water.

Disadvantages of gas heating

Gas leakage can lead to disastrous consequences. Be vigilant and install leak tracking equipment.

It is necessary to install an automatic tracking system for possible leaks. The system depends on the power supply.
The atmospheric burner has an open flame. The safety of such a device is a moot point for some users.
The use of a gas boiler is impractical if the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is less than 100 square meters. Such an installation is not economically viable and is considered less environmentally friendly.
When installing a gas boiler, a chimney is also required, allowing you to vent exhaust gases. In this case, the boiler room is installed in a separate room. Another condition is good ventilation and supply of fresh air to the room, the presence of a separate exit to the street. The latter is required for installations with a gas burner.
If the gas pressure drops or the burner is pretty worn out, the efficiency decreases and soot can appear.
The model of a gas boiler should be selected taking into account the climate. Since in Russia the gas pressure can “jump” strongly, foreign devices simply can not withstand the loads. Therefore, a burner of an unadapted installation is able to “burn itself” while reducing the pressure to the limit. Such equipment quickly fails.
The need to coordinate the project and installation with the Gaztekhnadzor service. To install a gas system, you will have to obtain permission and invite an inspection officer to sign documents and inspect.

Please note that Gaztekhnadzor requires a copy of the license of the service organization. If different firms are responsible for the stages of work, licenses for each type of activity are required.

Heating scheme of a private house with a gas boiler

Heating systems come with natural and forced circulation. In the first embodiment, the coolant circulates due to the difference in the density of hot and cold water. In the second case, the pump provides circulation.

The main difference between systems with natural and forced circulation of the coolant is the circulation pump.

Note that artificial circulation directly depends on the supply of electricity, air congestion and possibly uneven heating of radiators can appear in such a system.

The gas heating scheme in a private house includes a heating distribution, which is divided as follows:

A two-pipe heating system, although more complicated in design and installation, is still preferable, since it heats all radiators equally.

Single tube. It is suitable for do-it-yourself heating equipment, it is considered more simple in execution. It is rarely used for private houses because of the temperature difference in the located radiators - in the first and last. The last batteries are colder, since they have already cooled liquid, which is why the rooms in a large private house warm up unevenly. This option is only suitable for small houses with a limited number of rooms.
Two-pipe, which requires a large number of components and consumables, is suitable for controlling the temperature in individual rooms. The heating of radiators in different rooms can be controlled by shut-off valves. The main advantage of this system is batteries heat evenly in all rooms. However, planning and installation are more complex in execution and require large expenses.

A prerequisite for single-pipe wiring is the installation of the boiler below the level of attachment of radiators and the natural slope of the water supply. To solve the problem of uneven heating, jumpers are installed and the number of sections is increased. Sometimes a circulation pump is included in a single pipe system.

We calculate the gas consumption for heating a house

For autonomous gas heating of a private house, gas consumption is calculated as follows. To get 1 kW of thermal energy, it is necessary to spend 0.1 m³ of gas per hour. For a room of 200 m², you need a 20 kW boiler. At the same time, the consumption of such a boiler will be 20x0.1 \u003d 2 m³ / hour.

The standard heating season includes approximately two identical periods: three very cold and three moderately cold months (round up to 100 days each). As a result, for 100 days the system runs at full capacity and the same at half load or less. So, the average gas consumption for the cold season will be: 20x0.1x24 \u003d 48 m³, for the next period this figure will drop to 24 m³. As a result, the total consumption for the entire heating period will be (48x100) + (24x100) \u003d 7200 m³. Most often, the final numbers come with a good cape and turn out to be more.

Please note that the calculation is made without taking into account household expenses such as cooking. These figures should be included separately.

Design and installation of gas heating

One of the main requirements for a boiler room with a gas boiler is proper ventilation.

Before proceeding with active actions, a special project is developed for the heating system taking into account the characteristics of the house. If the installation of the heating system in a private house and minor work can be done independently, then designing is the stage where you should not save. Design will allow you to calculate the characteristics of the equipment, reduce the cost of consumables and materials, calculate the final cost of work and installation. The project includes:

sketch;
technical and economic development;
drawing up wiring diagrams;
drawing up a working draft.

The final data is affected by wall thickness, ceiling height, window condition, number of people living in the house, the presence and area of \u200b\u200bunderfloor heating, and the number of bathrooms.

Step Actions

The procedure is as follows:

Drafting and approval of the project and constituent papers. The gas service gives the go-ahead for installation only after submitting the boiler projectcontract with the installation team, the conclusion of an agreement on the powers and responsibilities of the parties is also required. Most often, gas workers are responsible for supplying gas, and the project, installation and service are carried out by the service organization.
Purchase of gas equipment, components and consumables. Although the project puts forward requirements for equipment, the buyer chooses the price category. Excessive savings may result in additional expenses or repairs.
Insertion into the gas pipeline and connection of the house to the common line.
Installation and connection of the boiler to the system.
Coolant supply to the system, test runs and checks.

Alternative to gas heating in a private house

A wood burning boiler is the best alternative to a gas boiler.

Gas stoves for heating a private house are the leaders in this sector. Replace such a device can only stove heating on wood or equipment from electricity. The first option is forced, most often distributed in rural areas or in areas where there are no gas lines. The second is considered more expensive, electricity bills may well exceed the price of expensive gas equipment.

If you have the opportunity to gas heating in a private house, we recommend choosing this option. The owner of the house once installs expensive equipment and significantly saves using cheaper gas.