Electronic indicator screwdrivers. Voltage indicator, types, functions, instructions for use

Content:

Indicator screwdrivers are one of the most necessary tools when working with electrical equipment. Not every consumer knows how to use an indicator screwdriver, except for professional electricians, although this is often required at the household level. In essence, this device is a voltage indicator, which, before working on electrical installations, controls the state of the electrical network, whether it is de-energized or not.

Scope of application of indicator screwdrivers

The indicator screwdriver performs a number of useful functions that facilitate the process of repairing electrical circuits, setting up equipment, laying control circuits, and monitoring the condition of lighting and socket networks. Therefore, it is advisable for even an ordinary person to be able to use the indicator. First of all, all models work as voltage indicators and perform the following operations:

• the most important function of indicator screwdrivers is to ensure safety, the role of an indicator whether the circuit is de-energized or not;

• detect the presence of voltage in the network (they are used as a voltage indicator);
• separate phase wires from neutral and ground wires;
• the integrity of the conductors in the cable is checked;
• the location of the wire break in the hidden wiring is determined;
• to check the integrity of the spiral of incandescent lamps, electromagnetic coils and many other useful actions.

It is convenient to use a screwdriver; in addition to the indicator functions, one tool can also carry out mechanical work, unscrew or screw in small screws at the contact points of electrical equipment.

Types of indicator screwdrivers

Screwdrivers used by most consumers can be divided into three types:

• indicators on neon lamps;
• multifunctional indicator screwdriver with self-powered power supply and LED indicator;
• universal indicator screwdriver with a liquid crystal display that shows the voltage value.

All models have their advantages and disadvantages, design features, and a different number of options. Let's consider each type separately.

Regular indicator screwdriver

The device does not always have a transparent handle body, where all the elements of the circuit are built in; sometimes a window is made opposite the indicator lamp. The main advantage of these models is considered to be simplicity of design, low price and long service life.

The principle of operation of the indicator screwdriver is that if there is electricity in the circuit, the current passes through:

• metal contact of the screwdriver blade;
• a resistor with a nominal value of 0.5 mOhm, which reduces the current to a value safe for humans;
• neon lamp;
• metal contact on the handle and human finger.

When you don’t often check the presence of voltage in the network, a simple screwdriver with a neon voltage indicator will come in handy.

In this case, you need to understand how the indicator circuit works; the human body can be considered a ground loop in this circuit at low current.

At the moment the tip of a screwdriver touches a bare conductor with a phase connected to it, an electric potential arises in relation to the human body. A small current flowing through the screwdriver circuit lights up the indicator lamp.

Thus, the phase wire in the circuit is determined; in the absence of indication, we can conclude that the remaining wires may be neutral or ground.

A simple and reliable device has limited functionality; the indicator operates with alternating current with a voltage of at least 60 V, and can only show the presence of a phase in the conductor.

Multifunctional screwdriver with self-powered power supply and LED indicator

The appearance of this model differs little from a conventional indicator screwdriver.

The circuitry built into the transparent case is significantly different. It includes:

• metal probe (screwdriver blade);
• a resistor, which is usually used as a graphite cylinder;
• LED as indicator light;
• transistor;
• batteries (2 button-type batteries, 1.5 V each);
• a metal spring that presses the contacts between the plate on the handle and the battery.

This circuit allows you not to close the circuit with your finger; just touch the wire, and if there is a phase, the indicator will light up. This screwdriver can be used to test the circuit; in this case, the finger is applied to the contact plate on the handle, and the tip of the screwdriver is applied to the end of the de-energized wire. With the finger of your other hand, touch the opposite end of the wire; if there is no break, the indicator will light up.

The principle of testing is the same as testing with a probe, the circuit is closed to connect the power source, the indicator begins to light.

A screwdriver can be used to locate breaks and install hidden wiring. When the wire is located under 1–1.5 cm thick plaster, it is possible to use live wire pickups. The screwdriver must be held by the pen, and the contact plate on the handle must be applied to the wall, moving along the intended route for laying the wire. The indicator will light up and go out at the break point.

The disadvantage of this model is considered to be greater sensitivity to power supply interference; in some cases, even in the event of a break, the indicator LEDs are illuminated. Only experienced electricians can determine a break by the brightness of the glow. The cost of such screwdrivers is in the range of 60–70 rubles.

Multifunctional indicator screwdrivers with LCD displays

It is not only a voltage indicator with LED backlight and audible buzzer. The liquid crystal display displays the network voltage within the range of 12–220 V. Voltage control can be carried out in DC and AC circuits. This device can be used in electrical networks on vehicles powered by a battery.

In practice, this is a device with limited multimeter functions, showing the value of the measured parameter in digital form. Some even professional electricians do not use this option because of the high price; amateurs believe that an indicator screwdriver is a complex device, it is unclear how to use it, and it is also expensive.

The indicators have three operating modes, set by a switch. Therefore, you need to carefully study how to properly use an indicator screwdriver of this type. The sequence of actions when monitoring voltage is similar to the considered options, but when measuring, a button on the body is pressed, the information is processed electronically. The cost of such products is from 120 to 180 rubles.

Operating modes:

• O - contact mode with a conductor, indication is carried out by a red LED, a finger is placed on the contact plate of the housing. The dialing mode is carried out using the same method as in indicators with self-contained power supply and LED;
• L - non-contact mode, the indication is triggered when the tip of the screwdriver approaches the conductor at a distance of 1–2 cm. The green LED lights up, and there are possible options for sound signals from the buzzer;
• N - non-contact operating mode with increased sensitivity to interference, hidden wiring routes are determined, and the green LED lights up.

This screwdriver as an indicator is convenient, multifunctional, it is easy to determine the routes of hidden wiring and break points. Some say that such an indicator displays voltage values ​​with a large error. Yes, a significant drawback is the rapid consumption of DC battery power. It is recommended to check the voltage level of the batteries more often.

General safety precautions when using all indicator models

Main stages of verification:

• External inspection for the absence of split sections of the case, display and other elements;
• Test in touch mode, using the contact of a known working socket. Modern models can be tested in non-contact mode or in dialing mode by touching the end of the screwdriver and the plate on the body with your hands.
• If there is no indication, you can disassemble a regular screwdriver and clean the contacts of all elements. If this does not give positive results, buy a new screwdriver, it is not expensive.
• In self-powered models, the condition of the battery is first checked; a tester can be used for this. When replacing, be sure to observe the polarity of the connection.

If the indicator does not work after replacing the batteries, repairing it yourself is impractical. It is safer to purchase a new tool; safety guarantees are more important than minor financial costs.

It is impossible to imagine the economic activity of any enterprise and running a household without electricity. Electric energy is necessary for the efficient operation of equipment, appliances, large and small household appliances. wiring often leads to various types of faults. In one case, home appliances and household appliances will stop due to a lack of mains voltage. And in another situation, a fire may start, the source of ignition of which may be sparkling switches, sockets, extension cords, as well as failed artificial lighting sources. To solve this kind of problems with power supply in houses and apartments, the services of professional electricians are needed. For a fee, they will be able to eliminate any wiring problems and restore comfortable housekeeping conditions. But most breakdowns can be fixed with your own hands. A voltage indicator, also called an indicator screwdriver or an indicator screwdriver, is mainly used to determine whether there is voltage on a section of the network or not. This will ensure safety during electrical repair work, connecting household appliances, and troubleshooting problems caused by a power outage. With its help, determining zero and phase in the network is not difficult. Fixing power supply problems yourself is a rational, cost-effective solution that allows you to save money on paying for electrician services.

A voltage indicator that is universal and accessible to all segments of the population should be in the arsenal of every owner. Troubleshooting electrical wiring using reliable, compact devices that identify the voltage in the network eliminates the danger to the health and life of the technician. The design of the indicator screwdriver is simple and has a small number of parts.


The main structural elements of the device, which can show phase and zero, include:

• a housing consisting of an insulated handle, a rod, at the end of which there is a screwdriver blade;
• high resistance resistor;
• indicator light;
• spring;
• contact plate.

The operating principle of a contact-type indicator screwdriver is based on the passage of electric current through the tip after it touches phase wire, a resistor and a light bulb, causing it to glow, as well as its subsequent departure using sensory contact towards the ground through the body of the master. High resistor resistance results in low voltage. Its magnitude is imperceptible and safe for human health and life.

Product selection criteria

Knowing how to determine phase and zero with an indicator screwdriver, you can always quickly fix problems with the power supply of your home with your own hands. When choosing a voltage indicator, it is recommended to consider a number of characteristics. Their list includes:

• body size and shape;
• color shade and ergonomics of the handle;
• functionality;
• availability of a power source for autonomous operation of the screwdriver;
• type of indicator light: neon or LED;
• presence of display and sound signal;
• manufacturer company;
• cost of the product.

The optimal choice of voltage indicator determines the successful use of the products and the absolute safety of repair work.

Types of indicator screwdrivers and their features

Voltage indicators are presented in a wide range of models, thanks to which professional and home craftsmen can purchase reliable, universal devices in accordance with their preferences, wishes and financial capabilities. The most common types include the following models:

The use of an electronic screwdriver is no different from the use of other analogue screwdrivers intended for safe repair of electrical networks, devices, and equipment. Practical determination of voltage, fault locations of sockets, switches and other power sources using a multifunctional device can always be seen in videos on the Internet. By knowing how to use an indicator screwdriver, you can always avoid electrical shocks, the effects of which pose a danger to human health and life.

Using Voltage Indicators

The use of indicator screwdrivers makes it possible to find the phase wire, neutral and ground in sockets, switches, lighting fixtures, verify the presence of voltage in the electrical network, identify voltage breakdowns on the body of household appliances, and also detect wiring in the walls under tiles or a layer of plaster with a finishing finish coating. Work with testers begins after their verification. The test is performed on a stressed area. Its presence on the network will be indicated by a light signal from a neon or LED indicator lamp. After checking the suitability of the device, breakdowns and malfunctions of electrical networks, household appliances, and lighting devices are eliminated. The main types of work using voltage testers include:

It’s worth saying right away that an indicator screwdriver is a very important tool, which, along with pliers and a hammer, should be in any home and apartment.

Almost every person has had to find themselves in such an unpleasant situation - suddenly the lights in the apartment go out. What happened? Why did this happen? Most people immediately ask the question: “Did the lights turn off just me or everywhere?” Well, if you have an indicator screwdriver at hand, you can find the answer to this question very quickly. Moreover, with a minimum set of skills, in some cases you can even fix the problem yourself.

For example, if the contact in a switch or socket is simply lost, you can fix the breakdown very quickly - you just need to find the problem area. But how to do that? Use special, bulky, complex and rather expensive devices? No, if you have it at hand. Moreover, if you use it, then you will not have to disassemble the wall to get to the wiring.

A serious plus is that no one needs to be taught how to use an indicator screwdriver - it is as easy as possible to use. And at the same time, it allows you to instantly determine the absence or presence of voltage at a switch or outlet.

In this article we will look at what an indicator screwdriver is, their main types and design, as well.

How does a screwdriver indicator work?

To use any device, you need to understand how it works. Of course, this fully applies to the indicator screwdriver. If you at least roughly know how it works, this will give you the opportunity to easily use it without making any mistakes.

This will also give you the opportunity to do without a multimeter, which is much more expensive and much more difficult to use. Today you can see various indicator screwdrivers in specialized stores. And each type has its own operating principle.

A regular screwdriver indicator is the simplest solution

The simplest and most common probes are equipped with neon lamps. The principle of their operation is as simple as possible.

When you check the voltage in the outlet, the electric current passes through the resistor installed inside the indicator (this resistor limits the current, its value is at least 0.5 mOhm) and is transmitted to the first contact of the neon light bulb.

In this case, the second contact of the light bulb is closed to the user through a contact located on the handle.

In such screwdrivers, the human body resistance and capacitance are part of the light bulb circuit. In other words, when you touch the contact with your fingers and the live wire with your sting, you will see the light bulb glow (provided that there is voltage in the network).

If there is no contact with the user, the lamp does not light up. The main disadvantage of this type of screwdriver is the rather high voltage threshold - not lower than 60 V.

Therefore, they are only suitable for detecting phase presence and voltage. It will not help determine open circuits. So this one screwdriver indicator is not multifunctional - it only allows you to determine the absence or presence of voltage in the network.

Indicating screwdriver with LED – greater functionality

The indicator screwdriver, equipped with an LED, has a lot in common with the model described above. Their operating principle is the same. But there is still a difference - LED probes are suitable for working with electrical networks in which the voltage is significantly less than 60 V.

Another factor that distinguishes an LED indicator from a regular one is the presence of its own, autonomous power source - batteries. They are also distinguished by the presence of a transistor, most often bipolar.

Therefore, this type of indicator screwdriver can already be called multifunctional. With its help, you can not only check the presence or absence of a phase in a contact or non-contact way, but also check the integrity of circuits - fuses, wires and cables.

The index consists of two working parts. The first one looks like a flathead screwdriver. It is used when working with direct contact with live elements.

The second part is suitable if it is necessary to determine the presence of voltage without contact. When used with the first part, it also allows you to determine the integrity of the network

The insulated handle made of transparent material contains an LED, which indicates the presence of voltage in the network.

Universal indicator screwdriver STAYER 4520-48

But today you can find special indicator screwdrivers on sale, when working with which you can test the line in both contact and non-contact ways. It also allows you to “ring” the wiring for short circuits or breaks.

Such an indicator screwdriver is STAYER 4520-48. It is perfect if you need to test elements of DC and AC circuits in vehicles, household electrical appliances and other devices. With its help, you can easily determine the polarity and carry out dialing using sound or light indication.

This indicator compares favorably with most analogues by the presence of not only light, but also sound notification. Thanks to this, work related to checking the presence of voltage becomes even simpler, more comfortable and safer.

If the voltage is normal, the user hears a sound signal accompanied by the green indicator lighting up. Alas, this It also has a serious disadvantage. The fact is that it runs on a battery, which runs out faster than we would like.

How to use a screwdriver indicator

Well, we looked at three types of indicator screwdrivers, now we’ll look at how to use an indicator screwdriver and test them in operation.

Regular indicator

The pointer of this indicator screwdriver is equipped with two working areas. The first one looks like a flat-head screwdriver - it comes into contact with electrical wiring elements that are energized. The second provides sufficient resistance and is located on the handle of the screwdriver. It also has a two-pole switch.

Let's consider an example in which a phase wire is connected to the first contact, and a neutral wire is connected to the second. Voltage indicator it is determined which wire the phase goes through.

To determine it is enough to press the contact on the voltage indicator handle with your thumb, then bring the working area of ​​the indicator alternately to both contacts of the circuit breaker. In this case, you need to make sure that your thumb remains bare - you should not wear gloves when using the device.

How to use an LED indicator screwdriver

As mentioned above, these indicators are distinguished by the presence of a function not only for contact, but also for non-contact use in the presence of a light warning.

If you are using the classic contact method and you need to find out where the phase is, it is enough to bring the working part closer to both contacts of the circuit breaker. When you bring the device to the zero contact, you will not notice any changes. When you check the phase one, the signal light will immediately light up, which will allow you to immediately find out that there is voltage at this contact.

To determine the presence of a phase using a non-contact method, it is sufficient to use the second working part, also known as the heel. It must be brought close to the cable insulation. You don’t even need to touch it - if there is a phase, the diode will light up at a short distance from the cable.

A serious plus is the ease of testing (detection of breaks in the circuit). It is necessary to connect one working part to the first end of the circuit that is being tested, and the other to the second. If the circuit is working properly, the LED light will light up. Otherwise nothing will happen.

If the contact is energized, the indicator will immediately signal this - a red light will light up in it. If you bring voltage indicator to zero contact, no signal will follow.

How to use the STAYER 4520-48 indicator screwdriver

This one is equipped with a plastic handle with an operating mode switch. It can be installed in three different positions:

1. - 0 – this is contact use with light warning function. Signaling is carried out by lighting up a red light;
2. - L – non-contact use with low sensitivity. At medium sensitivity, a sound alert is possible. Voltage can be detected over a short distance even when using double insulated wire. When voltage is detected, the green light comes on;
3. - N – non-contact use with high sensitivity – sound notification is used. The sensitivity is such that it allows you to detect voltage over a long distance - not only through the dense insulation of wires, but also through a thin layer of plaster on the wall. In this mode, it is possible to determine the route of wires laid in the wall. Voltage detection is accompanied by a lit green light.

The protective cap hides the working area, made in the form of a flat-head screwdriver. The second end side of the indicator has a special contact used to determine the presence of breaks in the circuit.

To perform this action, it is enough to connect the wire of one end of the circuit to the voltage indicator, and the other to the continuity contact. In cases where the circuit is not damaged, the indicator screwdriver will indicate this to the user accordingly. When operating in “O” mode, the red diode lights up.

If the “L” or “H” mode is turned on, the green light comes on, and this is accompanied by a certain sound signal. If the circuit is damaged in some area, the indicator will not react at all.

As an example, we can tell you when checking the integrity of an incandescent lamp. We hold the device in one hand, with the contact plastic in contact with the hand. We bring the tip of the screwdriver to the metal part of the lamp base. With the other hand we touch the second end of the lamp, thus closing the circuit.

If there is no break, you can see the red indicator light up. Switch the device to “O” mode - contact indication. First, connect the indicator to the zero contact of the circuit breaker - nothing will show here. And then we combine it with the phase contact. The indicator light immediately lights up.

Now switch to the non-contact “L” mode. We do not touch the contacts of the pointer, but simply bring it closer to the circuit breaker or socket. A green light will light up near the phase one and an audible alarm will sound. And near zero the indicator will not show itself in any way.

• How the tool works
• Tool Application

When performing any type of repair work, first of all, the issue of electrical safety arises. This is due to the fact that an unexpected discharge of electric current will lead to injuries and other unpleasant consequences. To understand whether the wires are live, a regular indicator screwdriver will help.

Purpose of the indicator screwdriver

To understand how to use such a tool, you need to know the order of current supply. All wires in the house/apartment are powered from a common electrical panel, which distributes voltage throughout all rooms of the house. Current moves through phase wires, which are constantly energized. It is returned to the distribution board via neutral wires (ground). While the electrical appliance is turned off, the ground wire does not pose any danger.

In order to understand which wire performs the phase function and which - ground, a tester or an indicator screwdriver is used.

Before you start working with wires or all wiring, you need to understand what a screwdriver tester is, how to use it and whether it is in good condition. To do this, you need to check the tester on the connected power source. An ordinary socket that is in good condition can serve as such a probe. The tip of the screwdriver tester must be inserted into this socket, and if the indicator light does not light up, the tool must be replaced. During the test, the working shank/tip of the tester must not be touched under any circumstances.

In order to prevent damage to the screwdriver, do not use it normally. Since the shank of such a screwdriver is made of soft alloys, it is impossible to unscrew and tighten various screw connections with such a tool.

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How the tool works

The simplest tester allows you to determine only a wire with a phase. Modern models also allow you to determine the ground wire. Moreover, modern electrical tools are able to detect the presence of voltage even in hidden wires located under plaster.

Externally, the tester with an indicator is practically no different from a regular slotted screwdriver, however, it has a body made of transparent plastic. A small resistor is soldered into this case, which is connected to a diode light bulb. This light comes on when the working tip touches a live phase.

In the operation of such a phase detector, the person himself, or rather, one of his fingers, becomes an integral part of the work. The thumb of the hand in which the instrument is located must be placed on the opposite end of the tester. This procedure closes the circuit.

Since the built-in resistor has a high resistance, the current flowing through the human body at this moment will be very small and completely safe.

If the screwdriver fails for some reason, the light element will not light up. If the tool is faulty, such a screwdriver cannot be repaired with your own hands, but must only be completely replaced. You should not be afraid of a broken tester; it does not pose any threat to human health.

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Tool Application

There are several basic jobs that such a screwdriver can perform. It is most often used to check the functionality of sockets and switches. It also very often allows you to check the serviceability of various extension cords completely safely.

Moreover, with such a phase detector you can check not only the presence of phase voltage, but also the presence of grounding. To carry out such a check, it is necessary to touch the phase contact of the socket with the working tip of the tool. This contact is made in the form of a copper strip, which is located next to the inlet holes for the plug.

An indicator screwdriver is used to check the functionality of switches and sockets.

If the light element does not light up, then the grounding is working. The opposite situation indicates that the grounding is “broken,” therefore, it is necessary to check all electrical wiring.

Very often, using a hand-held tester, you can determine the phase on a chandelier or other lighting fixtures. Phase currents must be on the internal contacts and in no case on the threads. If the opposite situation occurs, then you cannot use such a lighting device in order to avoid short-circuiting all the wiring.

Checking the current supply in such a situation must be done with extreme caution, since touching both contacts at the same time will result in a short circuit in the entire circuit.

Also, such screwdrivers can be used when there is a loss of voltage in the network, which can occur due to the transfer of excess currents to any household appliance. In this case, it is necessary to connect this device and install the tip of the device on its body. A dim glow from the LED will indicate the presence of a leak. If, on the contrary, the light has become much brighter than usual, then there is a direct connection of the phase to the housing. In both such cases, the lighting device should be immediately switched off and repaired.

We don’t use such a tool very often in everyday life, but there are times when its presence is simply necessary.

Because any careless movements when working with electricity can lead to dire consequences.

Apartments today are simply overcrowded with a wide variety of electrical appliances. Accordingly, situations often arise when installation, replacement, connection of electrical sockets, lamps, and troubleshooting in the electrical circuit are required. A voltage indicator will help in carrying out this work.

There are quite a lot of examples of such devices: from simple ones (screwdriver - indicator) to digital multimeters. They are able to show whether there is voltage in electrical equipment, determine the level of circuit resistance, and other parameters.

You can even find devices on sale that allow you to detect broken wiring hidden under a layer of plaster.

Types of measuring devices

To work with low-voltage electrical networks (up to 1 kV), two types of indicators are used:

• single-pole, showing the passage of capacitive current;
• bipolar, giving a light signal when an active current passes through them.

Each type of these devices has its own characteristics.

Single-pole measuring instruments

The single-pole indicator circuit includes a signal neon lamp and a resistor. The elements are placed in a dielectric transparent housing with a protruding contact (tip). At the other end, this phase indicator has a flat contact on the head. In appearance, it resembles a screwdriver, which is why the device is called an indicator screwdriver.

Important! When working with high voltage networks, before finding phase and zero, you should take care to comply with safety precautions!

Before using the indicator, it is recommended to test it by touching the tip contact to an electrical conductor that is definitely under current. If the tester screwdriver uses batteries, check it by simultaneously touching both the tip contact and the plate on its head. The test screwdriver can be used at a network voltage of no more than 1000 V! The elements used in it are simply not designed for higher voltages. When using, it is strictly forbidden to touch the indicator tip with your fingers! A sting is essentially a bare conductor; if you touch it to a live contact and at the same time touch it with your finger, you will get an electric shock! Therefore, when working, you are only allowed to hold the screwdriver by the handle!

The screwdriver is easy to use. In order to check the presence of voltage in the circuit, you need to touch the contact on the head of the indicator with your finger, and touch the bare conductor or live part of the equipment with the tip. If they are energized, the “neon” will begin to glow.

How to determine the phase

Having studied the instructions supplied with the device, you can easily understand how to determine phase and zero using an indicator screwdriver. To do this, you need to touch any of the two wires being tested with the contact-tip of a screwdriver, closing the plate on its handle with your finger. If the neon light comes on, it means that this is a phase, respectively, the other wire is zero.

Varieties

1. Simple screwdriver indicators with a neon light bulb. They consist of a metal probe (tip), a plastic housing, a high-resistance resistor, a neon light element and a contact metal plate placed on the head. The device of the indicator screwdriver is the simplest. It detects only the phase wire, as well as the presence of voltage. The positive aspects of such devices are their ease of use, no batteries, and reliability. How to use an indicator screwdriver? Everything is very simple. You just need to touch the bare wire or socket hole with the sting, and touch the plate on the handle with your finger. If there is voltage in the circuit, current will flow through the tip, the resistor, the light bulb (causing it to glow), and the human body, which will become part of the circuit when a finger touches the contact on the handle. If you remove your finger from the contact, the light will go out. If there is no voltage or the wiring is damaged, the tester screwdriver will not light up.
2. Indicator screwdrivers with batteries and LED elements. Externally, these devices are similar to previous devices with a slight difference: you can find the phase wire without touching the contact plate at the end of the screwdriver. In addition, with such a device you can ring electrical wiring for breaks. To do this, touch one end of the chain with a sting contact, touch the other end of the chain with your hand, and touch the contact on the tester head with your finger. If the circuit is working properly, the LED element will begin to glow. An indicator screwdriver with a battery costs a little more than a regular one.
3. Advanced indicator screwdrivers. Devices with more functions and more complex filling, but still distinguished by the same principle of operation of an indicator screwdriver. They allow you not only to determine the phase or ring the wires, but are also suitable for non-contact detection of hidden wiring under a small layer of finishing material. Due to the high sensitivity of the devices, it is possible to determine the phase through one insulating layer of insulation without damaging it. They are inexpensive, accurate, simple and easy to use. For example, an excellent choice for home electrical work would be the Safeline MS-18 indicator screwdriver. This device will allow you to easily determine the presence of alternating voltage up to 250V by contact method (it can detect phase and neutral wires). It can also be used for a non-contact method of detecting hidden wiring (up to 600 V). It is capable of finding the location of a wire break in a non-contact manner, ringing the circuit, and also establishing the polarity of a battery or accumulator (up to 36 V). With so many functions, the model is inexpensive (on average 250 rubles). To select test modes (contact/non-contact), the indicator screwdriver is equipped with a switch. Such devices will become universal “detectors” of wire breaks under a layer of finishing material. Their circuit has both a light and a sound indicator. If necessary, the multifunctional indicator screwdriver can be adjusted for specific types of work.

How to check for damage to wires hidden in the wall? An indicator electronic screwdriver is used for this. Having turned it on and set the switch to non-contact mode, you need to slowly move the tip of the test screwdriver along the wall along the route along which the wires run from the junction box to the switch or socket. Where the cable is damaged, the indicator light will go out.

Most models of indicator screwdrivers are inexpensive. The functionality is quite sufficient for testing electrical circuits at home.

Two-pole type devices

A two-pole indicator has two housings made of dielectric material and connected to each other by a thin wire about a meter long (it may be different for different manufacturers). Each of the housings has a contact tip, a neon light element (gas discharge lamp, LED) and a resistor. More advanced models are equipped with an audible alarm.

Using bipolar indicators, they check the presence of current between two contacts of the network or equipment by touching the device’s tips. There are quite a few types of such devices. They differ, first of all, in their functionality. Bipolar indicators are considered professional devices; they are distinguished by higher accuracy (they can measure alternating voltage with precise threshold values ​​from 6 to 380 volts), so they are used when carrying out complex work (connecting a machine tool, electric motor). For example, they can be used to determine the phasing (phase connection order) in a 380 V network with a three-phase load.

Important! For domestic needs (at voltages up to 1 kV), there are no restrictions on the use of indicators. When checking networks and electrical installations with voltages above 1 kV, it is mandatory to use dielectric gloves.

The simplest indicator of a two-pole design (like a regular screwdriver with a voltage indicator) can only establish the presence of voltage (devices of the UNN, PIN, MIN and others series). More functional models make it possible not only to check the voltage on a specific section of the circuit, but also to determine its nominal value and polarity. In addition to neon light sources, LEDs are installed, and the device may also have its own sound sensor. The sound signal function is useful when inspecting wiring in dark rooms.

Digital multimeters

Digital instruments that measure voltage - multimeters - are very popular among professionals. This universal device for an electrician allows you to check several characteristics of an electrical circuit at once: voltage, current, resistance. In addition to sound and light signaling elements, the device is equipped with a digital display.

Additionally, special current clamps can be purchased that allow you to measure current without damaging the wiring insulation. Some models are equipped with a temperature sensor to check the temperature of electrical equipment - distribution cabinets, switches, electric motors. Such devices, as a rule, are used by those specialists who, due to their line of work, have to visit substations with complex electrical equipment.

Homemade devices

A voltage indicator is a mandatory attribute in the work of an electrician. What to do when there is no factory tester available and you need to check the presence of voltage in the network? You can make a sample yourself. Before you make a voltage indicator, you need to repeat its circuit again. The contact tip of the indicator is connected to a resistor, it is needed to limit the current flowing through the human body to a safe value, which, in turn, is connected to a neon light bulb, and it is connected to a contact plate, which is closed with a finger during operation.

As a resistance element, for greater safety (to avoid electric shock when working with high voltage), it is recommended to use either one 1 MΩ resistor or, if this is not available, two resistors with a nominal value of at least 500 kΩ for each, which are connected in series. Any gas-discharge indicator lamp can be used as a light element; it is even possible to use a neon lamp from a starter, which works in conjunction with fluorescent tube lamps.

The sting can be a piece of thin steel wire or a knitting needle. Any thin metal plate will be suitable for the closing contact on the handle. All these elements are connected (soldered) in the sequence described above. For example, a transparent fountain pen or a felt-tip pen with thin walls (you can cut a hole in the body for the lamp if it is opaque). Knowing how an indicator screwdriver works, it is quite possible to make one yourself.

If you urgently need to check the electrical circuit for voltage, and there is no time to tinker with a soldering iron and a complex design, you can use an even simpler method. All you need is a light bulb from the starter and a fairly high-resistance resistor. A resistor is screwed to one of the lamp contacts and the homemade voltage indicator is ready!

You just need to grab the contact of the resistor (it is screwed to the lamp with another contact), and the free contact of the lamp will act as the tip of this homemade product. They need to touch the cable being tested. If the wire is live, the light will light up. This sampler is suitable as a temporary solution when you don’t have a store-bought tester at hand.

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Indicator screwdriver probe: types, principle of operation, models

Indicator screwdriver-tester - a simple and convenient tool for home

Every owner of an apartment or home knows how important it is to have a set of the most necessary tools on hand in order to independently fix the problem that has arisen. One of these necessary devices is an indicator screwdriver-probe.

You can use an indicator screwdriver even with minimal electrical skills. Thus, you will save not only time, but also money on calling a specialist. Most often, an indicator screwdriver-tester is used for: loss of contact in the wiring, malfunction of switches, sparks when plugging electrical appliances into an outlet. By using a voltage tester, you can make your home as safe as possible.

Types of indicator screwdrivers

An indicator screwdriver-probe is a fairly simple device consisting of a body and a tip. However, there are several varieties of this device, which we will consider in more detail:

• Simple indicator screwdriver.
  This is the most simplified type of device, characterized by low cost. The body of the product consists of transparent plastic, through which you can see how the LED located inside lights up. The sting is a conductor. Using this device, only the working phase is determined, therefore, zero is determined by exclusion.


• Indicator screwdriver with battery.
  This is a functional device that can work not only from the network, but also autonomously, using installed coin-type batteries. Although outwardly this device is no different from a simple indicator screwdriver, it is more popular due to its versatility. Using such a device, you can not only determine phase and zero, but also find an open circuit in a de-energized circuit. It is especially important to use an indicator screwdriver with a battery before you start drilling holes in the wall to avoid damaging hidden electrical wiring.


• Universal indicator screwdriver.
  This is the most modern and most advanced type of device. Like the previous version of screwdrivers, this product runs on batteries, but is significantly different in appearance. At the front of the panel there are two LEDs (red and green). Additionally, the device can be equipped with a liquid crystal screen showing the network voltage level, and also have the ability to provide sound notification. The functionality of such a device allows it to be compared with a tester. Such a screwdriver can perform many important functions: detect an open circuit, determine the voltage in hidden wiring, find phase and zero, check the functionality of heating devices and some electrical appliances with a closed circuit (kettle, light bulb, etc.).

Operating principles of an indicator screwdriver-probe

When using an indicator screwdriver, it is important to remember safety, because, first of all, this is an electrical device that operates with voltage that is dangerous to human life. Regardless of whether you have a new test screwdriver or one that has been tested more than once, you need to check its functionality every time.

To check the functionality of the indicator screwdriver, you must alternately insert the tip of the tip into the holes of the socket that is under voltage. During this, do not remove your finger from the indicator, otherwise the tester will not react to voltage and will give reason to believe that there is none. If, when you feel the first contact, the indicator lights up (determines the phase), but does not light up on the second contact (determines zero), then the probe is working and you can safely use it.

How to use an indicator screwdriver-probe, and on what principle does it work? When the tip of the tip (probe) touches the phase wire, current is passed through a resistor, after which it hits the lamp (which begins to glow) and goes into the ground through the human body, thanks to sensory contact. The built-in resistor has a high resistance value, which makes the passing current absolutely safe for humans.

Using a probe screwdriver for different purposes:

• Voltage check. It is necessary to turn on the extension cord and check all sockets. We also touch the tip of the device to the ground contact on the surge protector. The indicator should not light up.
• Determining the phase on the chandelier socket. Carefully touch the screwdriver probe to the contacts. Extreme care must be taken to avoid short circuits, which could cause skin burns.
• Determination of the phase clamp on the switch. Remove the switch body and touch the contacts with the probe. A lit indicator indicates an incorrect connection when the phase first hits the chandelier light bulb and then hits the switch zero.
• Determination of voltage leakage to the housing. If an electrical household appliance, for example, a washing machine, when connected to the network, begins to shock a person when touching the metal part of the case, you can check the voltage. We touch the end of the indicator screwdriver-tester to the unpainted part of the metal surface of the turned on machine. A lit indicator will mean that there is a voltage leak to the housing. It is urgent to disconnect the machine from the network and locate the location of poor wire insulation.

Modern models of indicator screwdrivers-probes

A test screwdriver is an item that should be in the arsenal not only of a professional electrician, but also of any man who owns an apartment or house. If you have a small set of tools in combination with this device, you can quickly fix the problem yourself.

If you want to purchase an indicator screwdriver-tester, it is better to choose models offered by well-known manufacturers that have proven themselves among consumers. One of these companies is the Russian trade brand IEK (“IEK”), which represents indicator screwdrivers OP-1 and OP-2e.

IEK OP-1 and OP-2e test screwdrivers are distinguished by a high degree of safety and allow you to quickly and accurately determine polarity, DC and AC voltage, and the location of a circuit break.

These probe screwdriver models are:

• robust body made of high quality plastic;
• rod made of durable steel;
• indicator light.

The OP-1 probe screwdriver from IEK has the following characteristics:

• operating range for determining network voltage is 70–600 Volts;
• determining the absence of network breaks with a resistance of up to 50 MΩ;
• determination of phase and zero under voltage up to 36 volts.

A distinctive feature of the IEK OP-2e indicator screwdriver is the presence of an additional sound indicator. In addition, this device model has the ability to test electronic components such as capacitors. The voltage in the network is determined in a non-contact manner, and the degree of sensitivity is much higher than that of similar devices.

Modern IEK indicators operate at temperatures from -10°С to +50°С and humidity no more than 90%. According to customer reviews, the device is extremely easy to use and can be used even by non-professionals.

The GreenEnergoSnab company is the official representative of IEK and offers to purchase functional and reliable screwdrivers probes OP-1 and OP-2e at the best possible prices. Also in the catalog you will find reliable tools from other well-known brands, such as the Russian brand TDM ELECTRIC. You can place an order directly on the website.

Not long ago it experienced a surge in popularity in various segments. Users highly appreciated the advantages of the concept, noting the versatility and ergonomics of such models. But manufacturers have not always been able to achieve the proper level of direct performance qualities of such a tool when performing specific functions. Only certain segments were free from this drawback, one of which featured an indicator screwdriver. How to use this tool? To do this, you need to know the intricacies of determining phase and zero using an indicating device. Professional electricians are familiar with such operations, but for home craftsmen this process can cause a lot of problems, not to mention the risk of making mistakes.

How does an indicator screwdriver work?

Traditional devices of this type consist of a resistor inside each screwdriver, which is connected to a metal rod that acts as a conductor. Professionals usually use a special set of screwdrivers with different characteristics that are focused on electrical work. They differ both in mechanical qualities and in the ways of providing information about the parameters of the circuit under study.

In the simplest models, the presence of the same voltage in the line will be indicated by an LED light bulb integrated into the housing. Contact models assume that the user will touch a special plate on the handle, thus closing the circuit. If the indicator light comes on, it means the phase has been detected. In case of a reverse reaction, we can state that a zero has been found. A non-contact indicator screwdriver is also common. How to use such models? The technique for detecting line breaks in this case is similar to contact tools, only the user does not have to close the circuit himself.

Determination of zero and phase

The most common task faced by users of this tool. Typically, difficulties in determining zero and phase arise in situations where the wires are not correctly marked and the colors do not correspond to the actual characteristics of the circuits. Before using an indicator screwdriver to determine the phase, you must turn off the power at the input panel. Next, use the functional surface of the screwdriver tip to touch one of the cores. The indicator will light up if the circuit is in phase. It is important to note that some models do not provide a light signal, but work with an audible alert. Accordingly, the phase in this case will be recorded by an audio signal. If the screwdriver does not give any reaction, then the status of the core is zero.

Also, do not forget about the need to touch the penny, that is, the plate, due to which the circuit occurs at the moment of determining the polarity. This is important if a contact indicator screwdriver is used. How to use the contactless model? It has already been noted that it works on the same principle, but does not require the user to touch a special plate. But these screwdrivers are supplied with batteries, so you should check the power supply before starting work.

How to find current leakage?

Another popular electrical problem that can be identified with an indicator screwdriver. First of all, you should bring the tip of the tool to one of the grounding antennae of the socket being tested. If the indicator is activated, we can talk about the presence of a leak. But here we must take into account the initial voltage parameters. It is advisable to use a set of screwdrivers in which individual models are designed for use in different operating conditions of the circuit. If you need to check specific electrical appliances, the leak is detected by testing each device one by one. That is, the devices are connected to an outlet, and the light bulb also gives a reaction in the form of a light or sound alert.

How to detect a broken line?

It should be noted right away that such screwdrivers are not able to show the exact location where the break occurred. However, the tool will help determine the problem area in which this place is located. To do this, you need to take a power distribution diagram and check all sockets for power. But there is one nuance in working with lamps, which can also be checked with an indicator screwdriver. How to use the tool in this case? A break in such places is checked with the power off, but with the lights on. If the circuit on the switch is not closed, the screwdriver LED will show a break, but in fact there may not be one.

General operating instructions

The testing instrument requires special maintenance measures. Screwdrivers should be stored in a dry place protected from moisture. If it is possible to perform a non-contact examination, then it is better to carry out operations with gloves. You should also clean the surface of the tool from debris and dust every time after a working session. For example, the MS-18 indicator screwdriver from STAYER allows you to detect microwave radiation and hidden wiring. The effectiveness of performing these tasks largely depends on the condition of the case and, in particular, its cleanliness.

Conclusion

Despite the advanced functionality, these screwdriver models are inexpensive. Even large manufacturers that produce high-quality products sell entry-level modifications at prices of no more than 200 rubles. A professional indicator screwdriver, the price of which can be about 500-600 rubles, is also endowed with additional capabilities. In addition to determining the phase and neutral, such a tool is capable of working with electromagnetic radiation, recording its boundaries. However, for the same price you can also purchase a set with screwdrivers, each of which will perform these functions in a separate order and with greater efficiency.

The name - screwdriver phase indicator contains the whole meaning. Well, how else can you use an indicator screwdriver? Naturally, check for the presence of a phase (using a contact method), and like a screwdriver, of course.

Checking the position of the switch keys

This will be useful to us so that when installing the switch, they close the circuit when you press their upper part and then do not have to remove it and turn it over.

This position is different.

All of the above is also true for modes L and H with the only difference being that upon contact the green indicator will light up and the buzzer will sound.

Non-contact way to use an indicator screwdriver. Modes "L" and "H"

We bring the indicator to the switched off chandelier in mode L or H, the green indicator lights up and the buzzer sounds, this indicates that the chandelier has a common phase wire, that is, an incorrect connection.

Another chandelier, the indicator does not react when the lighting is off and works when it is on. This means there is a wire and this is the correct connection.

An obvious convenience, in order to determine how the chandeliers are connected, we did not have to disassemble them.

Determination of the break area

In a standard situation, connecting el. tool through the extension cord, breaks occur. In mode L or H, we bring the device to circuit sections 1 and 2; if the device responds in all sections, we change the position of the plug, thereby supplying the phase through another core. There is a break in the section of the circuit where the device has stopped responding.

Naturally, this is true if the electrical system is in full working order. sockets
If the socket and sections of the circuit are working properly, then, most likely, the electrical circuit is faulty. instrument (electrical device).
A more accurate picture, of course, will be given by the contact method of dialing in mode O with a section of the circuit disconnected; we discussed this method above.

Screwdriver phase indicator. Video explanation

Of course, this article does not cover all options, but only the basic principles.
This is not an advertisement for a specific device, but a desire to show the convenience of using devices of this type in diagnostics.
I wish you good and, most importantly, safe work.
Follow electrical safety rules

The modern person's home is overflowing with various electrical appliances. It is difficult for us to imagine our life without electricity. There are often situations when you need to install, replace, connect electrical sockets, lamps, or determine the presence of current in some conductor. Therefore, you may need a voltage indicator.

A voltage indicator screwdriver helps determine the presence of a “phase” and “zero”, establish the location of a wire break, and check the functionality of a circuit breaker or plug.

Voltage indicator and its operating principle

The voltage sensing screwdriver is easy to use. You just have to understand the principle of its operation.

Regular screwdriver indicator

The voltage indicator detects only the phase wire and zero, as well as the presence of voltage.

The principle of its operation is as follows: the current flows along the path: the “tip” of a screwdriver → a current-limiting resistor → a contact of a neon lamp → a person who closes the contact on the handle by touching the metal contact plate. The resistance of the human body is included in the operating circuit of the voltage indicator. If you do not touch the metal contact plate, the indicator light will not light up.

The main disadvantage of such indicator screwdrivers is that the voltage indication starts at 60 V, which does not allow them to detect a broken wire.

A voltage indicator with a battery-powered LED lamp does not have this drawback. They can be used to work with electrical networks that have significantly lower voltage.

Externally, they are almost no different from indicators with a neon lamp. However, inside these screwdrivers there is a bipolar transistor.

Universal indicator screwdriver

A more modern version of indicator screwdrivers are electronic devices. They can be either with or without a liquid crystal display. In addition to light indication of the presence of voltage, they also have sound indication. The LCD display displays the voltage in the conductor (from 12 to 220V). Also, these voltage indicators have buttons for measuring certain parameters.

Electronic voltage indicators are multifunctional and easy to use. They allow you to determine the presence of voltage and its magnitude, check the integrity of the AC and DC circuits in household appliances, determine the polarity of DC sources, and find the location of hidden wiring.

How to use an indicator screwdriver

Before using the indicator screwdriver, you need to check its functionality. To do this, you need to touch the conductor in which there is voltage with the “sting” of a screwdriver.

If the screwdriver is battery-powered, you need to simultaneously touch the opposite ends of the screwdriver: the “tip” and the upper end of the case. The LED should light up.

In order to determine the presence of voltage or “phase” and “zero” using a conventional indicator screwdriver, we create a circuit: “power supply - screwdriver - person”. That is, we take a screwdriver and, touching the metal contact plate with our finger, insert the “tip,” for example, into one of the contacts of the socket. The appearance of a light indication indicates the presence of voltage.

To determine the presence of voltage using an indicator screwdriver with an LED lamp, you do not need to touch the metal contact plate on top. lights up on its own when it touches a live wire.

To determine the presence of a phase or voltage in an insulated wire or a wire located in a wall, you need to take a screwdriver with an LED lamp by the “tip” and bring the upper end of the housing to the wire insulation or to the wall where the wire is supposedly laid. If there is a phase (voltage), the LED lamp will light up.

To determine the location of the wire damage, we also take the screwdriver by the “tip”, and bring the end part of the housing to the wire without touching it, and move it along the wire. In the place where the LED went out, the wire is damaged.

To check the integrity of the circuit, it is necessary to disconnect the device under test from the voltage, press your finger to the contact metal plate of the indicator screwdriver, and touch one of the terminals with the “tip” of the screwdriver, and close the other terminal by touching the finger of your free hand. If the network is intact, the LED will light up, otherwise the indicator will not respond.

To determine using an electronic screwdriver-indicator, you need to turn off the power and touch one of the contacts with the “tip” of the screwdriver. If there is a phase, a sound signal will appear and the display will show the corresponding indicators.

To determine the location of a broken electrical wire using an electronic indicator screwdriver, you need to slowly move the indicator on along the route of the electrical wire: from junction boxes to sockets. At the point where the wire is broken, the indicator lamp will go out.

Screwdriver with indicator - how to use this tool? Sometimes home craftsmen have a similar question.

Functionality of different types of screwdrivers with indicator

Every home has a minimum set of necessary tools, such as a hammer, nails, and pliers. Along with them there should be a screwdriver with an indicator. After all, only with its help can you check the voltage in the outlet, current, as well as the location of wiring and microwaves without harm to your health.

The indicator screwdriver is very easy to use; you do not need to study additional diagrams and instructions or understand the details of the tool. It’s easy to understand how the indicator works, even for a beginner.

By pressing the button on one side and using the other end of the indicator to measure the voltage, we get a glowing light bulb that indicates the presence of current. This is how these devices work with light bulbs and LED detectors. The transistor, which is also found in this type of tool, helps to determine an open circuit, the polarity of the current source and find the location of the wiring.

The tool with LED indicator includes a battery, which increases the duration of use of the device. This device can not only measure the presence of current, but also non-contactly check the integrity of wiring and cables. The LED helps determine the presence or absence of voltage. You don't need instructions for it either.

The electronic indicator is becoming more and more popular. It may have a special display, or be produced without it. Instead of a light one, the electronic one uses an audible voltage indicator, which makes it more convenient to use. Sometimes instructions are included with such a device.

A universal indicator will help analyze the wiring and identify short circuits. He copes very well with electrical appliances and vehicles. This type of device uses both sound and light detectors.

Return to contents

It is a good assistant during repair work; it helps to disassemble where each wire is located, and then connect lighting fixtures and switches.

For example, to mount a socket into a wall, you will need the following things:

• socket;
• screws;
• "cup";
• screwdriver with indicator;
• gypsum.

A tool with a conventional indicator must be clamped on one side, and only then do measuring actions be carried out. A device with an LED does not need to be clamped; it will light up on its own if you check the phase contact. The universal screwdriver has an operating mode switch.

You can choose either contact or non-contact use, with high or low sensitivity. How an indicator screwdriver works depends on its type.

The indicator screwdriver is used in the following cases:

• checking the circuit with current;
• search for a gap;
• circuit diagnostics;
• checking the polarity and condition of the battery;
• checking the integrity of the wire;
• checking the correct connection of the switch to the phase.

In each of these cases, adhere to the important safety instructions.

If you check a circuit with alternating current, you need to touch the exposed wire with the indicator. To diagnose a break, run the side of the indicator along the wire. In all cases, if voltage is present, a light or sound signal will occur.

Before using the indicator screwdriver, check that it is working correctly.

There should be no cracks or other signs of damage on the housing. If the indicator screwdriver runs on batteries, then do not forget to change them. You don't even need instructions for this.

If you find even a minor damage, it is better to immediately throw away such a device. You can buy it for little money, but repairing an old instrument will cost you much more.

When checking, do not rush. It is better to carefully recheck several times than to get damaged by electric current.

If you are not sure about the correct use of a particular type of indicator, then it is better to seek help from a specialist and discuss with him how to use this device.

Most people can do many jobs in a house or apartment without calling an electrician, especially for work such as installing, replacing and connecting electrical sockets, lamps and other electrical devices.

But when working, safety comes first. As I already wrote in, before starting any work, it is necessary to turn off the corresponding machine or plug and begin work only after making sure that there is no phase on the electrical cable or wires.

An indicator screwdriver is used to determine the absence of a phase. Less often, it is used, on the contrary, to check the presence of a phase, in order to check whether we turned on the machine or not, as well as to determine the break of one of the two-phase or neutral conductors, which will help in eliminating the breakdown.

Before checking the absence of a phase, it is imperative to check the functionality of the indicator screwdriver.

How to properly check an indicator screwdriver.

1. The body must be free of cracks and intact.
2. Each time you use it, I recommend checking its functionality by touching a live electrical wire. It’s even easier to check a battery-powered screwdriver - just touch the tip and the metal spot on the handle at the same time, and it should light up.

It is better to throw away a faulty or damaged indicator, given its low price.

How to find the phase and how the indicator screwdriver works.

The simplest option is shown in the picture below. Its price is around 0.5 $.

1. This one the indicator detects only the phase wire.

It works as follows: current flows along the path of the screwdriver tip - limiting current, resistor - neon lamp contact - short circuit to a person, i.e. the resistance of the human body is included in the working circuit of the indicator.

Without touching the metal contact, the lamp will not light.

The main drawback is that the voltage indication starts at 60 Volts. And in many models the lamp is not visible in the sun.

Advantages: simplicity and low price. It's very easy to use correctly. We touch the upper metal contact with our finger and check one by one by touching the tip for the presence of phase on all wires.

2. More advanced multifunctional battery-powered indicator screwdrivers. By appearance

They are practically no different from an ordinary neon lamp, but unlike it, a neon lamp powered by batteries and a small resistor is built into the transparent plastic case.

This one has indicator, no need to touch the metal contact on top - when you touch a live wire, it lights up on its own. And if you touch the cap and the de-energized wire with a sting on one side and touch the wire with your finger on the other side, the light bulb should light if the circuit is not broken. This determines the integrity of the wire or cable.

Attention! Often such a screwdriver responds to guidance and glows even if the circuit is broken, I recommend a tester, continuity tester or multimeter for these purposes.

There is another application for such an indicator - If you take the tip of such a screwdriver and bring it to the insulated wire directly or not buried deep in the wall, the light bulb should glow when there is voltage.

Compared to a regular one, it reacts to a lower voltage, and the lamp shines brightly. Exactly the same type of indicator screwdriver as in the picture I have been using an electrician in my daily work for many years, but only for phase determination .

Its cost is just a little less than $1.

3. Lots of sales today newfangled electronic indicator screwdrivers, which in most cases have an LCD display and audible voltage alarm. The display shows not only the presence of voltage, but also its value ranging from 12 Volts to 220 V.

The principle of operation and use is similar to multifunctional indicator screwdrivers, with the difference that there are buttons or a toggle switch for switching modes. By its essence This is a simplified and compact multimeter, but the price is high. And not a single professional electrician uses it. For these purposes, I use a full-fledged tester or multimeter with two measuring probes, which I will discuss in detail in the next article.

Related materials:

The presence of this tool must be included in the standard kit of a home craftsman, along with a hammer, screwdrivers, pliers and other everyday household tools.

In the modern world, rarely does any device operate without the use of electricity. It exists, if not in every, then in almost every modern human home. We all use a variety of electrical appliances every day, which greatly simplify our lives.

But sometimes it happens that it suddenly disappears. Surely, it has happened to each of you that the lights in your apartment or house simply went out. At such moments, life seems to freeze. The first question that comes to mind is: “Did the electricity go out in the entire area or just in my home?” Of course, if it is dark outside, this can be determined by the presence of light in the neighbors’ windows. But what if, for example, it’s daytime outside?

In such cases, an indicator screwdriver can become an indispensable tool in finding the answer to the current question. The usefulness of this tool, especially when it is at hand, cannot be overestimated. After all, with its help you can not only determine the presence of voltage in the network, but also in the event of a breakdown, find the cause of the malfunction.

Today, in this article, we will try to figure out what indicator screwdrivers are, consider their main types, what they consist of, and also how to use a screwdriver indicator Houses.

Operating principle and types of indicator screwdrivers

To begin with, it’s probably worth understanding how this device works. After all, knowledge of the operating principle of a particular technique allows you to use it correctly and productively.

Today, in any construction supermarket or store specializing in electrical sales, you can find several types of indicator screwdrivers. It’s worth adding that all of them are not expensive, and if you don’t already have one of them in your home, we hope that this article will help you determine which one will be useful to you.

Screwdriver - indicator with neon lamp

A screwdriver is an indicator with a neon lamp, perhaps the simplest and most common probe for home use. If you need to determine whether there is voltage in the network or the presence of a phase in a conductor, then this indicator screwdriver is perfect for solving this task.

However, its use in cases where the network voltage is less than 60 V is not effective. This is due to a rather high “threshold” of operation, equal to exactly 60 V.

How the indicator works with a neon lamp, is as follows: when checking the voltage of an electric current in a socket, or wherever else it is, the current passes through a so-called resistor (a widely used component in almost all electronic and electrical devices and devices). After passing through the resistor, the electric current enters one of the contacts of the neon light bulb, while the second contact is closed by the body of the user of the device (by placing a finger on a special contact located on the indicator body).

In this case, when there is voltage in the network, the indicator light will start to light. The resistance and capacitance of the user’s body, that is, you, in such a screwdriver, are partially included in the light bulb circuit. If you do not touch the contact on the screwdriver with your finger, the light will not light.

Screwdriver indicator with LED

The range of applications for this type of probe is somewhat wider than described above. Among other things, the main differences of this screwdriver are:

• LED instead of neon bulb;
• the ability to work with electrical networks with voltages less than 60 V;
• the ability to check not only the presence or absence of a phase, but also check the integrity of the wiring (cables and wires). In addition, this can be done in both contact and non-contact ways;
• presence of a built-in battery.
• presence of a transistor.

The principle of working with this screwdriver - indicator no different from the principle of working with the previous probe.

The indicator screwdriver with LED consists of:

1. “pen” (in the form of a regular flat-head screwdriver), designed for direct contact with live elements;
2. terminal element, which is designed to determine the voltage in the network without contact with live elements (non-contact method).
3. a handle that consists of a transparent dielectric material.

During the work, The illuminated LED indicates the presence of voltage in the network.

Universal screwdriver - indicator

In addition to the already described samples, today they are increasingly gaining popularity universal screwdrivers - indicators. With their help, you can check the network for the presence of voltage, determine the phase, test the network for short circuits or breaks. They are excellent for use not only in everyday life, but also, for example, when repairing a car (detects the presence of direct and alternating current).

In addition, depending on the model and manufacturer, such probes are capable of signaling (for example, the presence of voltage) not only with a light signal, but also with an audio signal, which undoubtedly makes their use more comfortable and safe.

The design of this type of screwdriver also requires the presence of a battery. The principle of operation of the device is simple: indication by sound or light occurs if there is voltage in the network.

How to use an indicator screwdriver

Now that we have sorted it out main types of screwdrivers - indicators used in everyday life, it’s time to learn how to use probes correctly. To do this, below we will look at typical cases of using probes.

Simple indicator

A simple screwdriver - indicator, as already described above, is equipped with a “tip” or otherwise a “feather” in the form of a flat screwdriver. It is intended for direct contact with exposed wiring, contacts of sockets and other electrical appliances that are energized.

Now let's look at an example of how to find a phase contact in a socket using an indicator with a neon lamp. To do this, you need to hold your index finger or thumb on the probe contact (from the back side), and alternately touch the contacts of the socket with the “sting”. The hand should not be in a glove.

When you touch the phase contact, the neon light of the probe will signal this with a red light signal. In this case, touching the “sting” to the zero contact of the socket will not make the lamp glow.

Indicator screwdriver with LED

To use this screwdriver, it is not necessary to press the contact on the “heel” of the probe with your finger. It is enough just to do the same manipulations (described above) as with a regular screwdriver - indicator without touching the contact plate with your finger. When the “tip” touches the phase contact, the LED light will turn red. The LED will not react to the zero contact.

A significant advantage of this probe is the ability to determine the presence of a phase in a non-contact manner. To do this, you need to bring the back of the indicator (“heel”) to a live wire or cable. If there is a phase in it, the indicator will signal this.

The method is called non-contact because it does not require touching the wire; you just need to hold the indicator at a distance of 1 to 5 millimeters from it. At the same distance, the device is able to detect electrical wiring immured in the wall under the plaster. To do this, you need to run it with the reverse side along the laid cable.

How to use a universal screwdriver - indicator

We will tell you how to use a universal screwdriver indicator using the example of the now widely used IEK probe - OP2E (IEK). The screwdriver has performed well, despite the fact that it is assembled in China. The workmanship and efficiency of the device are at a good level.

The probe body, made of plastic, has a switch for operating modes of the instrument, which, in turn, can be set to 3 positions:

Position “O” is a contact operating mode. It is used for contact determination of the presence of voltage, as well as the integrity of the network. If there is voltage in the network, the indicator signals this with a red LED light.

The “L” position is a non-contact operating mode with low sensitivity. In this mode, the indicator reacts to the electric field, and if it is detected, it signals with a green LED light and an audible signal.

Position “H” is a non-contact operating mode with high sensitivity. Used in the same way as the “L” mode for non-contact determination of the presence of voltage and electromagnetic fields. The main difference from the “L” mode is the ability to detect voltage over a long distance, including through a layer of plaster. This makes it possible to determine the location of hidden electrical wiring routes. Signals in the same ways as the “L” mode.

In addition to the mode switch, the case has:

• 2 LEDs, green and red;
• contact plate (side contact);
• a protective cap that hides the working part of the screwdriver;
• sound notification device (speaker);
• a clip for fixing the tool in a pocket, etc. when transporting it;
• batteries (2 batteries).

Side contact is necessary to determine circuit integrity. To check the circuit for a break, you need to touch one end of the wire with the working area (tip), while pressing the side contact with your finger, and touch the second end of the wire with the finger of the other hand (the wire should not be live!!!). If the wire is not damaged, the screwdriver indicator will indicate this with a red LED. Otherwise, the probe will not react at all. This should be done in “O” mode.

To find the phase wire, for example, in a socket, you must also, in “O” mode, insert the working area of ​​the screwdriver into the holes of the socket so that the tip touches the contacts. In this case, you do not need to touch the side contact of the probe with your hand. When the tip comes into contact with the phase, the red LED on the housing will light up.

In order to understand how the non-contact method of determining the location of electrical wiring routes works, you need to move the operating mode switch of the screwdriver indicator to the “H” or “L” position.

Then, touching the contact plate with your hand, we move the tip of the screwdriver - indicator along the surface of the wall. Where electrical wiring is hidden under a layer of plaster, the indicator will signal with an audible signal and green LED light.

Separately, it is worth adding that it is PROHIBITED to operate any of the above-described probes if their housing is damaged or disassembled.

Using a multimeter to determine the phase and neutral of the network at home is not always rational. And the cost of complex equipment is much higher. There is a more simplified device that allows you to perform these functions. This is an indicator screwdriver. It is a simple device. However, when working with electricity, it is necessary to follow all safety rules, no matter what equipment is used.

Indicator screwdriver design

The design principle of indicator screwdrivers is quite simple and outwardly resembles its conventional counterpart. The difference between them is the handle.

The indicator screwdriver has a resistor in its body, to which the metal tip of the tool is connected. It acts as a guide.

The resistance element reduces the current to the maximum possible value. This allows you to use the indicator screwdriver safely.

The housing also contains a small LED or neon light bulb. It connects to the outer patch of the contact plate, which is located on the outside of the screwdriver.

The current passing through the probe and resistor decreases, its strength becomes safe for work.

This is the basic principle of operation of such a device as an indicator screwdriver. The rules will tell you how to use the device.

The person must touch the plate on the outer edge of the tool. In this case, the circuit will close and the indicator light will be activated.

Phase and zero in a screwdriver

To connect a wire to electrical equipment, you should know how to determine phase and zero with an indicator screwdriver. The current powering the devices always flows through the first wire - the phase. The second wire is neutral. Electricity flows through it in the opposite direction and returns to the power source.

When the screwdriver probe touches the exposed wire, the indicator light lights up. If this does not happen, then this is a neutral cable.

The wire must be live. Otherwise, it will be impossible to determine phase and zero with a simple indicator screwdriver.

The absence of voltage on both wires when the network is turned on indicates a break in the conductor section.

Application area

The presented tool will be able to perform not only the simplest functions - how to determine the phase with an indicator screwdriver - but also many additional ones.

It is possible to check the cable for breaks, the serviceability of the extension cord, and detect wiring in the wall.

All functions must be carried out according to specific instructions for using an indicator screwdriver. Measurements can be made by contact or non-contact method.

The contact method will help you find the voltage in the AC network. This is the simplest procedure. The probe of the tool touches the exposed cable. If the LED lights up, it means the phase has been found. If the indicator does not light up, it may be a neutral wire, and this also happens when there is no power in the network or its break.

The non-contact method will help you find hidden wiring. To do this, the handle is brought to the surface behind which the wire is located. If the neon element lights up, the conductor has been found.

Types of indicator screwdrivers

Options for screwdrivers with indication differ in their functionality.

Indicator screwdrivers without a battery will allow you to find only the mains phase.

The presented models are the simplest, most reliable and are widely used to determine voltage in residential networks.

Limiting the minimum current level to 60V makes the tool unsuitable for working with low-power systems.

There are models of the device with a battery, which allows you to determine non-contact network parameters such as zero and phase. An indicator screwdriver of this type will allow you to determine the integrity of the electrical wire. The device will test the cable even without current supply.

A universal indicator screwdriver will allow you to determine zero and phase in both contact and non-contact ways. Can be used in low voltage networks.

Checking the device before operation

Before starting the process, it is important to familiarize yourself with the rules on how to check an indicator screwdriver. To do this, a visual inspection is carried out to check the integrity of the structure in order to exclude the presence of mechanical damage.

Having completed this action and not finding any deviations from the norm in the appearance of the instrument, it is tested.

When checking, the probe of the indicator screwdriver is inserted into each hole of the working socket. In this case, the thumb must be kept on the handle plate of the dielectric sensor. If this is not done, the indicator will not work.

Also, when using equipment with a neon indicator on a battery, it is permissible to simply pinch the tip of the screwdriver and its patch with your fingers. If the LED lights up, the tool is working properly.

Security measures

In order for the work to be safe and no unpleasant surprises to occur, you should familiarize yourself with the rules of use that stipulate the indicator screwdriver. The instructions specify the following precautions.

1. It is prohibited to use the device without a screw.
2. Only the battery may be removed from the device.
3. After replacing the battery, the screw is tightened tightly clockwise.
4. Do not use a tool with mechanical damage.
5. It is forbidden to use a screwdriver in high humidity environments.
6. It is strictly unacceptable to use the device for networks with inappropriate voltage.

This is a series of fairly simple rules, but their strict implementation guarantees the preservation of health and ensures the safety of activities.

Instructions for use

An indicator screwdriver can perform many functions. How to use it correctly? Rules have been developed that regulate this.

To evaluate a wire for a break, you should eliminate the possibility of no voltage in the network. Then, holding the wire with one hand, you should touch the other end with the sting.

If the wire is OK, the LED will light up.

Using this device you can check the condition of the extension cord. To do this, the conductor is disconnected from the network. Two wires are inserted into both holes of the socket. Holding the contact of the plug, you should check the second contact with a tool.

If the light starts to glow, the extension cord is working.

Finding the area where the cable is broken is also quite easy. The probe of the tool is clamped with your fingers, and its handle is guided along the cable. Where the indicator stops lighting, there is a break in that place.

Replacing the battery

The indicator screwdriver, which is designed to have a removable battery, will require replacement over time.

In order to avoid damage and ensure safe operation of the device, this operation should be carried out according to certain rules.

The battery is replaced when the LED stops working during testing.

The most commonly used batteries for an indicator screwdriver are marked LR41, AG3, 392A, V3GA, G3-A.

When replacing, unscrew the screw at the end of the handle. It uses a small spring to hold the battery in place.

The wire holding the battery is bent and it is replaced.

Then the ears of the holders are carefully and tightly pressed into their original position.

The handle screw must be tightened well. Using the tool without this part or if it is poorly closed is strictly prohibited.

When performing electrical repairs or replacing electrical components at home, you need to choose the most suitable type of tool. An indicator screwdriver will help determine the phase and zero of the network, as well as the location of its break.

By following all operating rules specified in the instructions when using the device, you can guarantee the safety of the work performed. A responsible attitude to the use and replacement of batteries will ensure the safety of the user’s health. A fairly simple and convenient tool will allow you to perform the most common actions with electrical elements at home.