From what to build a veranda to the house. Adding a veranda to a wooden house with your own hands

Often, the owners of a residential building, only after the completion of its construction, want to increase the space with the help of an extension of the veranda. Before starting work, it is logical to take an interest in the features of summer verandas and find out what difficulties developers usually face when they attach verandas to a house. We will tell you how to avoid these difficulties and properly organize the whole process.

Reasons for building a veranda

The veranda is a practical and comfortable addition to country apartments, which can decorate the architectural ensemble and protect the entrance of the house from negative weather influences. In accordance with the established building standards, the building is classified as unheated. Thus, a self-built veranda acts as a light structure on a lightweight foundation, which consists of a glazed facade and two side parts.

The decision to attach a veranda to the finished house can arise for various reasons. There may be situations when the initial construction work is carried out according to the most economical plan, and later the owners plan to expand.

The veranda may not even be intended initially, but illustrative examples and verandas in neighboring summer cottages will inspire the owner to build the same extension at home. In addition, an attached veranda to a wooden house, if you arrange it like a hallway and glaze the front part, contributes to the additional styling of the house. And the walls of the veranda are able to improve the heat-shielding and sound-proof properties of the house.

Legal side of the issue

At first glance, there is nothing complicated in the issue of building a veranda, but if this building is improperly attached, actual problems may arise, for example, if the veranda moves away from the building. However, these are trifles compared to the legal difficulties that await the owner, who will try to sell a residential building with an unauthorized extension.

In some cases, an unauthorized extension of a veranda to a residential building may be a violation of the law. That is why it is worth learning how to properly attach a veranda, and how to legalize such construction. Remember that a project is required for an additional structure.

It is necessary to work out the architecture, design and functionality of the premises immediately and to the subtleties, otherwise you risk redoing some drawings many times, constantly paying for the services of specialists and losing money. It is important to maintain a professional approach when compiling such documentation so that the harmony of an existing building is not disturbed.

Having in your hands a project of a residential building and a veranda, you will receive a building permit. When applying for a permit for an extension, documents that confirm ownership of the summer cottage should also be attached for consideration. Such a bureaucratic procedure, as a rule, is carried out within one to two months.

Upon obtaining a permit, it is recommended to carry out the construction of the veranda in accordance with the approved project, since otherwise any violations will have to be eliminated later. Remember that upon completion of work, you need to register the changed residential building.

Start of construction

To avoid the "incompatibility effect", it is recommended to complete all the necessary elements. If you have a brick house, then make the veranda the same. If your cottage is built of wood, then make the veranda wooden. To save money, a veranda is often erected from a metal frame or foam concrete, sheathing the structure with plastic or other materials. But this is not always good, since such materials visually separate the veranda directly from the house itself and make the building almost incompatible with it.

The best option is to build a veranda with your own hands, which is usually attached to an end or front wall up to 6 meters long and up to 2.5 meters wide. At the same time, leave the front door inside the summer building.

If you plan to carry out all the steps on your own and are interested in how much it costs to attach a veranda, then know that the best option is to build a veranda from beams or logs using frame technology. Other construction options require either expensive foundation work or confident carpenter skills from the contractor.

Starting to experiment, remember that a lot depends on the question of how to attach a veranda, on how long a wooden house has been standing. If the building is still new, then the best solution would be to wait a few more years until it completely shrinks. If these conditions are not met, then the design of the veranda will not be as strong and reliable as we would like. If the house is still shrinking, then select the fastening of the tenon-groove structure.

Materials and tools

So, you already understood that it will be possible to quickly and cheaply attach a veranda from beams or logs. The classic version of the columnar foundation involves the creation of a brick base. For the construction of the foundation of the structure, crushed stone or gravel, concrete, broken brick and hot bitumen will also be required.

Roofing material is recommended to be selected taking into account the plastic solution of the facade. It is worth giving preference to the most modern roofing - steel, asbestos-cement or rolled. In addition, for the arrangement of the roof, edged boards are needed to form the lathing and special slats for placing the roofing material on the surface of the slope.

When adding a veranda, the preferred glazing option is single window frames. For mounting and assembling the frame, you need to prepare the following tools: an ax, a sledgehammer, a carpenter's hammer, a shovel and a bayonet shovel, an electric saw, a grinder, an electric screwdriver, a nail puller, a steel corner, a cord, a tape measure and a building level.

In addition, roofing felt and small nails, screws, antiseptic or paint, wood shields or construction lining should be prepared for sheathing the gap between the strapping from below and the window sill. Additionally, when installing windows, wedges made of wood, gypsum mortar and dry tow will be required.

Foundation of the veranda

Run the foundation of the veranda to the same depth as the foundation of the house itself, so that the veranda does not subsequently move away from it. At this stage, it is necessary to take into account the type of soil and use the survey report that was carried out during the construction of the house, and take measures that prevent the possible shift of the building on heaving soil (sandy loam, loam, clay).

According to the advice and recommendations of experienced builders, the veranda should be supported by poles, but it is not advisable to attach it to the house too rigidly. It is customary to lay foundation columns under each corner post, and if you plan to make the veranda sufficiently long, you need to lay it under intermediate ones.

After you have marked the future location of the foundation columns, dig holes in these places with a depth of at least one meter. Arrange at the bottom of each pit pillows of sand 20 centimeters. If the soil is sandy, then a crushed stone or gravel layer 10 centimeters in size is usually poured at the bottom of the foundation recesses, they must be waterproofed and shed with hot bitumen. After that, make a concrete base of 15 centimeters, while ensuring the strict horizontality of the upper edge.

After the concrete has hardened, on this foundation, put a foundation pillar of bricks. It is recommended to make the height of the pillar such that half the veranda is located 30 cm below the level of the equipped floor in the residential building. Finished poles need to be coated with bitumen and then backfilling can be done. Fill the cavity located in the middle of the post with broken bricks, coarse gravel or similar material. Between the supports, a wooden or brick fence should be arranged. Strive to make the texture of the outer surface uniform.

Wooden frame veranda

For the construction of the frame of the future veranda, it is customary to use bars that have a section of 100 by 100, 80 by 120 millimeters or logs with a diameter of not more than 120 millimeters. It is necessary to lay the lower strapping on the foundation pillars. Connections are made in the corners with a direct lock in half a tree. Perform a double bottom strapping, cutting in the logs along which you will later lay the floor. Racks should be cut into it and fastened with nails in order to further strengthen each connecting node with two brackets.

From the standpoint of material consumption, a fairly economical frame can be obtained using racks instead of solid bars, which are hammered together from 2 boards with a cross section of about 40 by 120 mm and gaskets of a similar size. When connecting the elements in this case, it is necessary to shift the boards in an appropriate way.

On the racks, you should install the upper trim on nails and spikes, and then place the rafters, the upper ends of which are connected to a horizontal beam passing under the slope of the roof of a residential building.

Racks that are adjacent to the wall of a residential building, and the run is recommended to be tightened with anchor bolts. Pay due attention to the installation of the beams on which you will rest the rafters. They should be firmly attached to the wall and placed at such a distance under the overhang of the roof of a residential building that the roof of the attached summer room fits closely with the roof of the house.

Sliding veranda walls, which are extremely convenient, are gaining more and more popularity. In the photo of the attached verandas, you can see how by moving the wall away, you can turn the veranda into a summer terrace. In rainy weather, the walls should be closed, fencing off from adverse climatic conditions.

Sections of such a wall, which have a glazed top and a wooden bottom panel, should be connected using metal hinges. When the wall opens, the sections will simply fold into an accordion. To horizontal metal hooks that can move left and right, they should be attached closed.

Veranda roof

It is customary to make the roof of a veranda attached to a brick house a sloping structure in relation to the roof of a residential building. To create the roof of the veranda, it is best to choose the material that you used to build the roof of the roof of the house. In the process, you can use other lightweight materials - rolled, steel and asbestos-cement. Cover the roof along the crate of horizontally laid boards.

Depending on the material used, it is customary to lay boards at intervals or close to each other. If you plan to make a roof from a rolled material, for example, roofing material, then it is preferable to arrange its flooring on a continuous flooring, which is made of edged boards. Attach the flooring to the rafters with nails, and drown their hats in the body of the boards.

Lay the rolled materials on the deck, carefully align and nail the edges. After that, nail the slats that are able to fix the laid material. You can close the slats on top with strips of material: they should be nailed with roofing nails. The roof is bent under the crate along the lower edge by 10 centimeters and fastened with nails.

Arrange a crate under the steel roof - solid or sparse. Connect the sheets of steel with seam seams and attach to the crate with nails. Lay the corrugated asbestos-cement sheets in such a way that the overlap is carried out on a wave, and the underlying sheet overlaps the overlying one by 14 centimeters.

window frames

On the veranda, install a window sill board from the floor at a height of half a meter - this is lower than the window sills are located in a residential building. The space that remains between the window sill and the strapping from below should be sewn up with clapboard or simply covered with wood shields. It is necessary to sheathe the veranda from the outside, because this extension does not require insulation.

Install window frames between the window sill and the trim at the top, as shown in the photo of the verandas attached to the house. Sew up the remaining space between the door and the pillars next door. You can also create narrow bindings. The dimensions of the windows, the presence of wide or narrow frames on the summer veranda determine the future appearance of the building from the outside.

Install window blocks in the following way. Insert the prepared block into the opening and fix it in the corners of the opening with wooden wedges. After that, attach the window frame with nails in several places. Fill the gaps with dry tow three-quarters, and place the tow soaked in gypsum mortar in the remaining quarter. Close the caulked gaps between the wall and the window frames with wooden trim.

Floor and stairs

The floor of the veranda is recommended to be laid in the form of a single plank covering, the boards should be placed on logs that are cut between the second and first strapping crowns at the bottom. Floorboards and logs must be antiseptic and coated with a coloring composition for outdoor work. The top step of the porch is a continuation of the floor.

After the veranda has been attached, it is recommended to place a staircase and an entrance door under the roof of the extension. You can build a separate canopy. The extended top rung of the stairs is best placed at the same level as the floor of the veranda. It is customary to fasten elements of a straight staircase made of wood to two side bowstrings, which are located obliquely.

The board, which serves as the bottom step, is located on the ground, the ends of which are adjacent to the bowstrings and fastened with nails to them. Further, it is customary to install inserts that are cut according to the template and repeat the contour of the side board. They should also be attached to bowstrings. Between them there is a central support board and a riser that holds the above tread.

Arrangement of the veranda

The finished door can be placed on either side, while you should be guided by the finished drawings. The process of finishing the extension depends on the existing solution for the facade of a country house, while it is worth considering the treatment of all wood structures with antiseptics.

For developers who value thermal comfort, you can create additional thermal insulation that allows you to comfortably use the usable area in the winter. When decorating the interior, consider fashion design trends - colonial, rustic, Japanese, eco-style, to create a cozy corner to your taste from the materials you like.

Having built a veranda for a residential building, think about what kind of furniture you can put there. This is not an easy task, because verandas are usually not large. Its walls often consist of many windows, and it is recommended to place shelves, cabinets and other tall pieces of furniture against a blank wall.

You can save usable space on the veranda if you put pieces of furniture that are multifunctional collapsible. For example, you can put a table with a tabletop that is attached to the window board. When the need arose, it is easy to fold and lower it down. As a table, it is customary to use a window sill board of impressive size.

For sitting, it is necessary to use folding chairs and an ottoman placed against a blank wall. As you know, there is a lot of light in the summer veranda. Often, residents are happy about this, but sometimes you really want to avoid the sun's rays. For these purposes, it is recommended to purchase various kinds of sun protection devices, such as blinds, curtains.

Many summer residents noted that in the summer it is better to be on an attached veranda than to spend time in closed stuffy rooms. In addition, you already know how to attach a veranda to a country house. Do not spare building materials, your own strength and your time to make your home cozier and more beautiful.

It allows not only to increase the usable area, but also to radically transform the object externally. It is for this purpose that most designers suggest adding this kind of extension without fail. Well, we will help you further decide on the design and materials!

Veranda design: types of verandas and their features

A veranda is a simple, but at the same time in every sense (functionality, cost, construction time) an effective way to expand the living space. At the same time, the veranda attached to home, can be either included in the project initially or added to an existing house. In general, a do-it-yourself veranda in a private house and its construction is one of the best modern solutions for optimizing the backyard area.

Likewise, a terrace is also sometimes included in the house plan at a later stage. But if the verandas always have a roof, then the terrace does not have it and often serves as the location of sun loungers designed for a leisurely pastime under the scorching summer sun, which leaves tan marks on the body.

According to the appearance of the verandas, two main forms are conditionally distinguished - open and closed.

• The simplest option is open veranda , which has a common property with the house wall And canopy (roof), that is, a very large porch. It turns out an open space or the roof of an extension to the house (as in the photo) with maximum amenities ( chairs, armchairs, couches-beds, as an option - hammock), also protected from the sun and rain. A climbing plants, braiding the veranda, add comfort and pleasant intimacy. This is one of the budget options that every owner can afford.

• Closed veranda - a more complex and costly option, but in this case, one more room is actually added, only without heating. It will shelter from any bad weather, it is comfortable in it from mid-spring to mid-autumn. It is worth noting that the repair of the veranda of such a plan is commensurate with the repair of a full-fledged room in the house. Also, a closed veranda to the house with their own hands is built longer than other types of verandas.

Terraces have even fewer varieties, and outwardly they differ slightly, while maintaining differences in design.

How to make a veranda in a private house? Varieties of design and materials used

Globalization has made it possible to unite the cultural heritage of different countries, and now even neighboring houses can look completely different. For example, trying to combine a heavy stone bottom and a light wooden top of the structure, the craftsmen get an extension in the German style, and making it entirely of wood, but leaving wide ventilation gaps between the boards, create Australian-style verandas.

Polycarbonate house extension

As for modern, rather than classical materials, their use is also fully justified. When using polymer-based building materials, futuristic forms are obtained, and a unique example is polycarbonate verandas. This is an incredibly convenient building material to use and operate, from which such unusual structures are created.

Veranda wooden with polymers

Composite materials are on a special note for designers. They allow you to keep the classic forms in the exterior and interior, while increasing the resistance of the building to external factors. Thus, the combination of wood and polymers will enhance the water-repellent properties of wood, and the combination of minerals with polymers gives them greater wear resistance.

Veranda frame

When choosing materials for future construction, it should be based not only on personal taste preferences. You also need to build on the choice of materials used in the main building. For example, an object based on a wooden frame should be attached to a wooden house, which is dictated by the manufacturing technology itself.

How to attach a veranda to a brick house? But any option can be added to such a house, however, a brick veranda (photo below) will be the best solution. A do-it-yourself frame extension to the house is shown further in the photo gallery.

Terrace construction

Foundation for the veranda and the foundation for the terrace

Summer - this is the definition that pops up by itself in thoughts at the mention of the terrace, and for good reason. Such objects are simply created in order to spend warm summer days and evenings on them. In fact, they are an extension, consisting only of a floor raised to the foundation. At the same time, the foundation itself is usually individual for the object and is not created together with the main one. As a rule, a monolithic foundation is not used for terraces. Most often, only tape and columnar versions of such structures are used. Much less often - a pile option. Piles are placed only when there is a reservoir nearby that can quickly raise the groundwater level, or if the site has very loose or sandy soils that shrink heavily.

An extension to the house from a bar and a strapping from a bar for a terrace

Since the terrace has no walls, the load on the foundation will be minimal. But before you install it, you still have to mark the area. According to the marks obtained, they dig holes for the pillars to the depth of freezing, into which the crate, reinforcement are installed, and then concrete is poured. For the foundation, it is mandatory to make waterproofing and strapping from a bar, to which the logs of the subfloor from a bar with a section of 100 x 50 mm are subsequently attached.

The rough floor is sewn up with OSB or edged boards, covered or laid with insulation. It is covered with braided insulation, which, in turn, is sewn up with OSB boards.

Terrace arrangement

When almost everything is ready, lay the floor. For him, it is better to use materials that are not susceptible to moisture, for example, composite. This choice will allow you to leave the terrace open for the winter without remorse.

The foundation can be decorated to your liking. Ideally, it should be in harmony with the basement of the house.

The interior of the summer veranda and terrace

Optionally, on the terrace, you can install poles with an upper trim, on which summer curtains will be attached. Hanging flowerpots with ampelous plants, which are attached to the walls of the main building, also look good here. Here you can place sealed lighting fixtures for an evening stay.

Portable or stationary furniture is installed on the site itself, including benches, wicker chairs, sun loungers, umbrellas or even a barbecue. If you are constrained in funds, the logical solution would be to make furniture for the veranda with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself veranda in the country: building a veranda

Veranda from double-glazed windows and windows for the veranda (photo)

Do not forget about the climate characteristic of the region. If harsh winters are not uncommon, then it is worth excluding the option with a fully glazed veranda. Otherwise, it will be necessary to provide an internal heating system in this area, install insulation under the roof, make a full-fledged ceiling, and also seal all seams and install high-quality double-glazed windows. Thus, the load on the frame will increase and it will have to be strengthened in order to distribute it, however, as a result, you will have a warm veranda near the house.

However, it is not enough just to attach such an object. It needs to be filled with everything you need. A successful combination would be upholstered furniture, already protected from external factors, and carpet, which is much more comfortable to walk on.

A closed veranda can serve not only as a beautiful extension to the house, but also as a unique place to relax or work. In it you can enjoy the view of the surrounding nature and feel comfortable in hot summers and cold winters, as well as in any bad weather.

Photo of a closed veranda built to the house:

Project development

Attention ! It is necessary to develop a project before construction, since the quality of the future premises depends on it.

First you need to determine for what purposes it is planned to build a veranda, whether you are going to use it in the winter (then full insulation will be required) or will it be only as a closed summer veranda. Then its future location and dimensions are determined.

They usually have a veranda near one of the walls of the house, and often it is built from the side invisible to prying eyes, so that you can feel alone and completely free. Inside the room there must be a door leading to the main building.

Photo of a closed veranda attached to the house:

Also, do not forget about the future view from the building and its location relative to the sun. So, for example, on the southeast side there will be more sunlight than on the north. So, if you live in the northern region, it is better to place it on the south side of the house, and for the southern region, on the contrary, it is recommended to build on the north side so that there is more shade.

The optimal size of a closed veranda is 3 m wide, from 3 to 6 m long.

Attention ! The veranda should correspond to the size of the main building, that is, if the house is large, then it should not be too small and vice versa.

Now you need to choose the design of the closed veranda. It is recommended to build it from the same materials as the dacha was built, or use the most suitable for the style of the main building, the main thing is that both buildings harmonize with each other.

The foundation of the veranda should be the same height as the foundation of the house. If it is built after the construction of the house, then the foundation is most often made on pillars. It is better to make the floor immediately insulated.

Important ! The veranda should fit snugly against the house with walls and a roof so that precipitation does not get inside or there are no drafts.

The roof should be made single-pitched and more gentle than that of the main building.

In the veranda, by definition, there should be a lot of light, which means there should be a lot of windows, at least two. You can even make the walls entirely out of windows, including sliding ones. Sliding panels can be opened remotely or mechanically.

If the veranda will be used in winter, then heat-insulating double-glazed windows or polycarbonate should be installed.

You can heat a closed-type country veranda with ordinary heaters or a fireplace. Moreover, there are many varieties of fireplaces, so it can be easily chosen for any design of the veranda.

In the hot summer, you can hang blinds, curtains, or any other curtains to hide from the sun.

Photo projects of a closed veranda built to the house:

How and how to close the veranda

You can glaze the veranda in the following ways:

• wooden frames with ordinary glass;
• PVC windows
• cellular or monolithic polycarbonate.

In all of the above ways, you can close the veranda on your own. But before you start closing the veranda, you should draw a diagram of future windows, since:

• the room should be spacious and bright;
• it is necessary to determine the number of opening windows;
• take into account the location of furniture so that it does not interfere with opening windows.

Consider one of the ways - how to close the veranda with polycarbonate.

Advantages of polycarbonate:

• high strength (especially monolithic polycarbonate);
• delays UV radiation;
• low thermal conductivity;
• plastic;
• eco-friendly;
• thanks to the large color range, you can create an unusual design.

After the scheme is drawn and the materials are calculated, the frame is built. It can be made from metal profiles, wooden beams, bricks or other materials that are left over from the construction of the main building.

Important ! When calculating the required building material, consider the dimensions of the polycarbonate sheets and its minimum possible bend.

Before covering the veranda in the country with polycarbonate, you need to remember a few important rules for installing polycarbonate:

• crate step 60-80 cm;
• vertical channels of cellular polycarbonate should be located only vertically so that condensate can flow out;
• sheets are interconnected by special connecting profiles;
• the cut of the sheet at the top must be closed with a special tape and profile, the lower cut is closed with a tape that is capable of passing moisture, and several holes are drilled in the profile for the lower part to drain condensate;
• it is recommended to fix the sheets with thermal washers, as they do not damage the coating during its expansion with temperature changes;
• also during the fastening of sheets of cellular polycarbonate, it is necessary to leave free space inside the adjacent parts (for example, profiles) for the expansion of the material;
• remove the protective film only after installation;
• you can cut polycarbonate into the necessary parts with an electric jigsaw.

Below are photos of what a polycarbonate veranda closed from the outside looks like:

Porch

A closed veranda with a porch will look much more comfortable and attractive, and will also take on a completely finished look.

The porch can be built from wood, brick, stone, concrete mix, metal, or with the addition of metal elements.

The porch cover must be frost-resistant and non-slip to avoid bruises or injury.

Advice ! The porch should always be kept clean and tidy as it affects the whole look of the house.

The porch can be of different shapes and sizes, it all depends on your imagination and capabilities, the main thing is that it should also be combined with other buildings. All of their types are equally suitable for both closed and open verandas.

Photo of a closed and open veranda with a porch:

The interior of the closed veranda

After the veranda has finally been built, it's time to move on to its interior.

During registration, you must remember about the location of the veranda. So, if it is located on the east or north side, then the most suitable would be, for example, the British colonial style:

• wicker furniture made of rattan, mahogany or bamboo;
• linen and cotton fabrics with a floral pattern;
• many pillows with covers;
• tropical motifs (palm tree, ferns).

The floor can be covered with dark-colored material, as it will not overheat due to the location of the room.

If the building is located on the south side, then the Mediterranean style is perfect, where there is a lot of blue and white. Moreover, these colors are used not only in furniture, but also in the decoration of the room. Be sure to have a lot of fresh flowers and the presence of Roman blinds.

In each of these cases, you can apply any style with ethnic flavor:

• Oriental;
• ecostyle;
• Scandinavian;
• provence;
• country and so on.

All of them have a common feature - natural materials, that is, wood, bamboo, natural fabrics.

But whatever the style, there are universal things that will make any room even cozier and more comfortable:

• sofa cushions;
• tablecloths;
• chair covers;
• flowers in pots or trees, bouquets in vases, flowerpots;
• candlesticks, nightlights;
• paintings, photographs, panels.

Photo of the design of the closed veranda:

In addition to all this, the interior of the veranda directly depends on the purpose of its use.

A closed veranda in the country can serve as:

• hallway, porch;
• kitchen, dining room;
• living room;
• children's;
• office;
• greenhouses.

Important ! When designing a veranda, remember the main rule of designers - proportionality, that is, you do not need to force a small veranda with huge furniture and vice versa.

Veranda-living room

Most often, the veranda is designed as a living room. For this case, you will definitely need armchairs, chairs, a coffee table and a sofa (if the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room allows). In order for each family member to use such a room, it is necessary to take into account the needs of each of them during the design.

Each furniture and element should be combined with each other in style. If furniture is arranged in groups, then comfort will be best felt.

Photo design of a closed veranda-living room in a private house:

Veranda-dining room or kitchen

One of the most comfortable and pleasant places in the house. Minimalist style is perfect for this occasion. An ordinary set of table and chairs, indoor plants and textiles. And you can decorate with heart-loving details or retro style.

In any case, since this is a kitchen, you should take care of excellent lighting.

Photo of the interior of a closed veranda-kitchen in a country house:

Veranda-study

A comfortable chair, a desk, a bookcase - that's what the most important thing should be in the office. The rest depends only on your desire and the size of the room.

Children's veranda

The nursery can be decorated in the form of a ship or a princess's house. You will need a lot of colorful pillows of various shapes and characters, cozy houses, a sandbox with balls, and you can even install a swing.

Veranda to the house: projects, do-it-yourself photos in the country, videos and useful information - you will find all this in this article. A veranda is an open or closed extension that serves as a living room, a place to relax or a room for clothes. The name comes from the Portuguese word varanda, which translates as a glazed terrace.

The material presented is divided into four parts:

• In the first part, we will tell you what a closed and open veranda attached to a house is, as well as their characteristic features. We will select the optimal materials for the construction of the frame and roofing. We will also touch on the topic of the foundation.
• The second chapter presents a do-it-yourself veranda project for a house made of timber with a polycarbonate roof, in the form of an open-type building.
• The third chapter tells about how to make a veranda in a closed-type cottage from expanded clay blocks with a metal profile roof.
• In conclusion, a couple more tips - let's talk about possible construction defects, insulation, flooring and inserting windows into the building.

You can use the navigation bar and navigate to the overview chapter you are interested in, or immediately learn how to build a veranda with your own hands. Let's get to the review part!

Closed or open veranda attached to the house?

Open and closed types of verandas have their pros and cons, which you need to think about before starting construction.

The difference in the closed and open veranda attached to the house is based on the following principles:

• the amount of materials;
• weather protection;
• storage space;
• having an overview.

First of all, the extension of the veranda to the house spends much more resources on its construction than the open one. It requires fully built walls with window openings, the insertion of window frames, and a more solid foundation that can support the weight of the walls.

Weather protection and storage space go hand in hand. On a closed veranda with a door, it is quite possible to take shelter during a storm and calmly drink tea while your neighbors from the house watch how rain fills their terrace board in an open area. It's the same with storage - on a closed veranda, it's quite possible to leave a bicycle for the winter, without thinking that someone might steal it.

On the other hand, an open veranda to the house gives an excellent overview without requiring the insertion of large and expensive windows. On a sunny day, it is quite possible to arrange an afternoon siesta on it, relaxing in a light breeze from the midday heat.

After the decision is made on what type of veranda is needed, try to develop a future layout for it on paper. This does not require special skills, but even the most banal sketches will help determine the amount of materials and their type. It would be nice to mark the territory on the site so as not to make mistakes in the calculations.

We choose the material for the construction of the frame of the veranda

This chapter discusses the most practical and popular frame materials. Best suited for building a veranda:

• beam;
• brick;
• profile pipe;
• expanded clay blocks.

Before talking about them, it is worth making a small digression. The frame is a very important thing, and how strong the veranda will be will depend on its strength, so you should not choose only from the cost of materials.

When building a veranda in the country with your own hands, all types of materials for the frame can be combined with each other. Brick will be an excellent help for the facade, and bars and a metal profile will help to continue the walls or supports.

bar

The veranda to the house, the projects whose photos are presented in this article are classics. The beam is lumber larger than 100mm. It is made either from solid wood species, or by gluing individual boards together. The first option for creating a bar is much more reliable, although somewhat more expensive.

The shape of the beam is usually square, or rectangular in shape - round ones are already logs. It differs from each other in processed, edged, sides. Bars are produced by:

• two-edged;
• three-edged;
• four-edged.

Separately, it is worth highlighting rounded timber - this type of lumber is made from solid wood, the sides of which lead to a strict correspondence of dimensions relative to the center. Such bars have a special strength and structure: their tension is the same on all sides, which allows the bars to retain their shape when dried up to a deviation of half a millimeter.

The main physical quality of a timber veranda is great elasticity and strength. Unfortunately, the structure of wood can sometimes have negative consequences - over time, it dries up and expands due to temperature changes. Therefore, when planning the frame, you should take this into account, giving the tree a few millimeters of margin for expansion. In addition, it is possible to distinguish a great resistance to temperature and weather phenomena, which are especially well manifested in dried and treated wood with a protective coating.

The cost of timber for a veranda in a private house depends on its quality and the type of wood used. Each type of wood has its own appearance and properties. Spruce and pine beams are cheaper than their ash, beech or oak counterparts, but have a less intricate pattern.

A little later, in the second chapter of this article, we will look at how to make an open wooden porch with our own hands step by step in 35 steps.

A brick is a product with regular sides, made of mineral substances - clay, sand and other materials. With skillful work, you can create a very strong and beautiful brick veranda with your own hands attached to the house. All bricks are now standardized, which allows you to work with them very quickly.

Brickwork has a number of unique properties:

• resistance to all types of weather phenomena;
• fire resistance;
• durability.

In addition, the brick does not require any special treatment - it does not fade over time, which allows you not to think about painting. The main disadvantage is the low resistance of the masonry to various impacts - over time, it can crumble, and cracks can appear in the masonry.

The production of bricks is highly developed - on the market you can find goods of any color and shape. In the construction of brick verandas in a rural, country, or private house, red is most often used, which is made mainly from clay, and silicate, white brick, made from sand and lime.

Brick construction can cost decent money - a couple of dozen stacks can go to a closed veranda, which will cost a large amount, however, this pays for the durability and strength of the masonry.

profile pipe

The metal frame veranda has also become widespread among builders. A profile pipe is called a solid or welded metal product, with any section that differs from the standard, round one. It is made from rolled low-alloy steel (although there are also instances of stainless steel), with a thickness of 1 mm to 22 mm. The cross section is very different, from 10mm to 500mm.

The main properties of the profile pipe for the veranda include:

• ease;
• flexibility;
• no need for post-processing.

Such a pipe is ideal for creating frames and racks of the veranda, which are subsequently sheathed with various finishing materials. Working with it is quite simple - the pipes are cut with a grinder or scissors for iron to the desired height, after which they are twisted between each other with screws.

The design of a veranda from a profile pipe is easy to manufacture and does not require large expenses from you, but it necessarily requires subsequent processing with finishing materials. It is precisely the “framework” that is obtained from it, when almost finished structures come out of other materials.

Expanded clay blocks

Expanded clay concrete is one of the most convenient materials. The block is a kind of “brick” of large size, which is lightweight and heat-capacitive. Installation of a veranda from blocks is a short-lived affair - the blocks are lubricated with a mixture and stacked on top of each other.

The difference between the blocks lies in their recipe - expanded clay concrete with a high content of cement is more durable and stable, but it conducts heat better, and, as a result, cools faster. Clay, on the contrary, gives softness to the material and better insulates the temperature.

The greatest difficulty in their application for such types of verandas is the connection - expanded clay concrete adhesive, which is necessary for masonry, is quite difficult to use. The cost of such material is low - this allows you not to spend too much on the construction of the frame.

Choosing a roofing material

Determining what your veranda will be like for the house (projects, do-it-yourself photos in the country house below), you should turn to the roof, but only after you decide what the frame will be made of. A house with a veranda under one roof will look better, but it is not always possible to plan a veranda at the design stage of a house.

The article will cover:

• corrugated board;
• metal tile;
• soft tiles.

All materials are great for a veranda, however, the best solution is to continue the same type of roof that is already on the roof of the house. Such a decision will make the veranda part of a single whole, which will create a complete building design.

On average, not too much money is spent on the roof of the veranda attached to the house in the country - 7-8 sq.m. corrugated board, for example, will come out in a rather modest amount, which allows you not to think about saving at this stage of work.

Polycarbonate

Polycarbonate sheets are a real "savior" of anyone who is going to attach a veranda to the house with their own hands. Their main advantage is considered to be transparency like glass in the absence of the latter's shortcomings - fragility and heaviness.

In addition, polycarbonate sheets:

• easily attached to any surface;
• have a large number of colors;
• protected from moisture and temperature changes.

The main vulnerability of polycarbonate is its poor impact resistance - large hail can easily break through the sheet and ruin the roof. This is especially offensive when the sheet is thoroughly screwed - in order to avoid various patches, it is necessary to completely change the site.

Now it is produced in the format of solid, monolithic sheets and honeycomb panels. To work with it, it is enough to build a wooden strapping, on which sheets will be glued or screwed on top with screws with thermal washers. The screwdriver should be operated at low speed - otherwise you risk leaving a crack on the sheet.

Polycarbonate can help to make a beautiful veranda to the house, completely filled with sunlight, from which no lighting is required during the daytime.

Decking

Corrugated board is a sheet of thin-rolled stainless steel with a wavy relief. The material is the fastest and most versatile when installing the roof of the veranda. On sale you can find a fairly wide range of profiled sheets - different in colors, thickness (which varies from 1mm to 4mm), wave size and other factors.

Decking is credited with:

• ease of operation due to the rapid coverage of a large area;
• resistance to weather changes;
• flexibility.

The disadvantages of a thin profiled sheet can be considered softness - it can be easily pushed through, carelessly leaning on your elbow or stepping on it. Dents are quite difficult to straighten, so it is better to be careful in work.

It is quite simple to fix the corrugated board during the construction of a veranda in a private house - the sheet is laid on transverse flat logs and screwed with screws with drills and a rubberized washer. At the top of the sheet, it is fixed in each gap between the waves, in the middle and end - after 1-2 gaps. The next sheet overlaps the previous one.

It is better to work with a screwdriver in the same way as with polycarbonate - carefully screwing the fastener at low speed, since excessive tension can deform the sheet, and the screw will leave a too wide hole through which water will then flow.

metal tile

She can be given the first place in popularity in the construction of a covered veranda. A metal tile is a thin sheet of steel, stainless steel or aluminum, which is shaped like a regular tile. From above they are covered with a special protective layer, which, in addition to protecting against rust, gives a variety of colors and textures.

The material is well protected against corrosion, has a low weight and is easy to install. A square meter of tiles costs, relative to other materials, average. The price depends on the thickness, composition of the protective coating and the metal used. It is higher for aluminum and stainless steel, however, compared to them, steel provides less durability.

Creating a roof of a veranda in a country house from a metal tile is a very pleasant job, but its feature depends on the characteristics of the sheet. For sheets without special fasteners in the form of a “loop-hook” system, it is necessary to firmly twist the sheets together with screws. The first sheet is scrolled into each wave, the middle - with an interval of several waves. Connections between two sheets also scroll into each wave.

With special fasteners, you can do without a large number of screws - the first sheet is most firmly attached with screws, the rest are held on the first and fastened only through the section. The screwdriver should also work as slowly as possible so as not to bend the texture.

If the roof of your house is made of metal tiles, then the roof of the veranda in the country house can be either continued with it or covered with corrugated board. From the same manufacturer, they will most likely have the same shade, which will give integrity between both buildings.

Soft tiles

This type of tile is made of bitumen and fiberglass. It looks more like a flexible sheet of plastic material. By using synthetic materials, it can be given any appearance that fits perfectly into the exterior of the veranda.

It is durable and does not require special handling. Flexible tiles are quite resistant to external aggressive environments, but at high temperatures, bitumen heats up and can deform over time.

At the moment, it is mainly produced in the form of:

• rectangular sheets;
• diamonds;
• hexagons;
• "beaver tails" and other forms.

Working with it is quite simple - the material is placed from the bottom up so that the top sheet overlaps the previous one. The upper edge of the sheet is nailed or screwed with a screw with a hidden cap. To place tiles on the roof of the veranda, a flat surface is required over the entire area, which can be made using a monolithic sheet of various materials.

Using wood-based materials, it is desirable to lay a waterproof lining between the tiles and the wood. These are sold in stores, however, instead of it, a thick plastic film will do. It should not be tightly pulled in advance - when driving, the extra sections will go under the nail, and the film will straighten itself. This approach is very useful when using MDF or fiberboard boards.

We choose the material for the foundation under the veranda to the house

The foundation for the veranda to the house depends on the selected materials for the frame. Different frames require different rigidity from the foundation, which imposes certain restrictions on its construction. Two options for the foundation will be considered below:

• Pillar foundation for the veranda;
• Tape base.

The cost of the base for the veranda depends directly on its size. If you decide to design a house immediately with a veranda, then one foundation would be a good option. This allows better distribution of air movements in the underground. Otherwise, already laid communications may interfere with the correct location of the foundation sections.

Saving on the foundation is not worth it - in the future it can do you a very bad service. Destruction will lead to the mowing of the entire building and its destruction. It is very difficult to fix this - for this you will either have to raise the foundation with a jack, or completely disassemble the veranda and build it on a new one. This will lead to damage to the materials used, and to unnecessary cash costs.

The main essence of the columnar foundation for the veranda is hidden in the name. It is a column of concrete, on which various materials are already located. The design is easy to create and does not require the purchase of special materials - for the usual version, only cement and sand are needed.

Columns can be made:

• from brick;
• by casting from concrete;
• from foam concrete blocks;
• from parts of concrete pillars and so on.

The simplest method is cast concrete bases, on top of which are pillars for a brick veranda. Concrete is used ordinary - a mixture of cement with sand and gravel, in a ratio of 1: 2: 2.5. A hole with a diameter of about 600 mm is dug in the ground, into which a wooden box with sides of 500 mm and a height of 600-700 mm is immersed. For the strength of the base, you can place a metal mesh inside the casting, making reinforced concrete out of it, or throw any unnecessary debris from durable metal into it. It is desirable to lay a horizontal mesh every 50-100mm, which will provide the necessary pressure strength, and every 100mm vertically, which will prevent the column from falling apart.

The quality of the brick does not play a special role - you can also use the old brick, which is cleaned of the remnants of the dried mixture, but in this case it is advisable to additionally sheathe it with finishing material. Masonry is done in three rows of bricks, each level changing direction. The columns are placed at a distance of 500-1000mm from each other, be sure to add additional support at each corner.

On such light foundations for a veranda, a strapping of boards is usually created. You can choose almost any beam - for a solid foundation, a beam of 100mm by 60mm is enough. The beams are screwed to the brickwork using metal corners on the dowels on both sides of the board.

The main advantage of a do-it-yourself columnar foundation for a veranda to a house is the speed of construction - most of the time is spent on the solidification of the mixture and, in the case of adding brick supports, the speed of masonry collection. It depends on the skill of the master, but in general, it also passes quickly.

Despite the fact that the masonry itself is strong, the beams will not be able to withstand the mass of closed brick or expanded clay concrete masonry, therefore it is only suitable for light frames made of wood or metal profiles. An increase in strength can be achieved by using iron logs, but they are expensive and very massive.

Strip foundation

This type of foundation for the veranda is a completely poured concrete foundation. It is made by pouring a mixture of cement, sand and fine gravel into pre-prepared trenches with a wooden box, formwork. The working time increases depending on the height of the foundation and the scale of the veranda.

Such a foundation is much stronger than a columnar foundation, therefore brickwork and expanded clay concrete blocks can be safely placed on it - it can withstand their weight and will not sag over time.

Do-it-yourself work with a strip foundation for a veranda begins with digging a trench. Its depth should be approximately 400-500mm. Formwork is being assembled over this trench. In general, the depth of the foundation should correspond to the depth of freezing in your area. After the completion of the collection of the box, the filling of the mixture begins.

The mixture is made in a ratio of 1: 2: 2.5 from cement, sand and concrete, respectively. For greater strength, it is worth laying it with a reinforced mesh both horizontally and vertically, with a step of each mesh of 100-200mm.

It must be borne in mind that the foundation will be most durable with a one-time pour, since at different solidification times, the concrete forms separate pieces, which in the future can sag, cracking the building. It is advisable to work as fast as possible - a concrete mixer or custom-made concrete will be a good help.

The same problem will be observed when adding a veranda to an already finished house with a foundation. It would be a good idea to place metal rods with a reinforced mesh welded to them in the finished foundation. This will keep you out of trouble in the future.

After solidification, the boxes are removed, and the ground next to the foundation is leveled. For greater beauty of the territory, you can fill the area next to such a foundation with pebbles, or place flower beds on it. In the third chapter of the material, we will take a closer look at how to make the right foundation for a veranda in the form of a tape.

Veranda to the house: projects, photos in the country with their own hands and how to plan the event correctly

Of course, the best option is when a do-it-yourself veranda to the house in the country (projects, photo below) is planned even before the construction of the house, so that they have a common foundation and a more complete overall design. This avoids:

• collapse of individual parts of the foundation;
• differences in materials and their shades;
• the presence of unnecessary elements that can interfere with the veranda - windows, doors and other things.

However, sometimes the idea of ​​​​building a veranda to the house appears already in the process of operating a residential building. In this case, you must immediately decide:

• what foundation is required;
• whether the materials of the veranda and the house will match.

The columnar foundation is much more convenient in the extension of the veranda to the house, especially when the height of the house allows it. Additional pillars, in this case, are also placed around the perimeter of the wall of the house so that the floor of the future veranda does not sink from constant or dynamic pressure.

If your plans include creating a covered veranda, or using brick or expanded clay concrete masonry, it is better to use a more durable, strip foundation. Additional strength of the connection can be given either with special adapters that are mounted in the foundation of the house and filled with a mixture, or with improvised materials. As practice shows, you can do without them.

The location of the veranda relative to doors and windows is also important. An open veranda will not interfere with the windows in any way - the level of light passing through the opening will also be sufficient, but on hot days the roof can save you from the scorching sun.

You should not place the veranda next to the windows of private rooms - the people who will be on the veranda can violate the privacy of the owner and make his life much less comfortable.

A closed veranda and windows in a house are incompatible things. Even with large window openings, this can interfere with the overall design of the room and make the window useless for the home. However, there are exceptions to any rule.

The location of the door is also quite important. If your house has two doors - the front door, the entrance from the front side, and the spare one, for example, leading from the living room to the garden, it would be more logical to place the veranda near the second one. Of course, if you want to radically change the layout of the house, then you can add an additional exit to the veranda, which will become an additional highlight.

When planning, you should take into account the direction of opening the door - it can become a problem for the future interior and interfere with the arrangement of furniture. Problems with this can be avoided by using sliding front doors, or by making the veranda part of the house, insulating it and abandoning the front door on the wall of the main building.

The difference in the time of construction of the veranda and the house can also affect the materials. When looking for similar material, you may come across:

• difference in shades that change from batch to batch;
• lack of the necessary line of material in stock;
• the disappearance of the material from the sale due to its removal from production.

Of course, a veranda and a house made of the same materials look much better, but if you could not find a completely matching roof or brick, the ideal solution would be to select contrasts, both in color and in texture. The only thing you should not experiment with is the roof. Different roofs (with the exception of polycarbonate) rarely look good.

Polycarbonate veranda attached to the house - photo-instruction for the project

This master class considers how to make a veranda to the house (project and photo below) of a classic open type. Such a combination of materials allows you to quickly build a summer porch open to the sun with your own hands from wood, where you can take a break on a hot day. The dimensions of the finished building are 3000mm long and 6000mm wide.

The choice of wood and its properties

When choosing wood for a summer veranda, you need to consider that it will be under the constant influence of the environment, which negatively affects the tree.

There are two main types of wood on the market.

1. From coniferous trees - spruce, pine, larch, fir;

The most affordable is pine, which is used both in carpentry and for the construction of buildings. It is cheaper than other types of wood, which saves money during construction.

Another good option for an attached polycarbonate veranda to the house (photo below) is spruce. It withstands loads well and does not bend, and is also not subject to seasonal fluctuations in humidity, which can be important for construction in coastal areas of the seas and in rainy areas. The properties of coniferous wood are presented in the table.

Physical properties of coniferous wood (average value)

A cut of coniferous wood in the photographs below.

2. From deciduous trees - linden, birch, aspen, beech, oak.

Larch and cedar are opposite to each other. Larch is very difficult to process - the density of its core is twice as high as that of other trees, which makes the timber hard susceptible to any influences, while cedar, on the contrary, is quite soft to work with. Both are excellent at resisting moisture buildup.

From deciduous, you can take a closer look at the oak - it is incredibly durable and protected from all types of lesions that can overtake a tree. The main disadvantage is its cost. Ash and beech are also good for the veranda, but they are very prone to infestation. The properties of hardwoods are presented in the table.

Physical properties of hardwood (average value)

View the section of the presented deciduous trees in the presented photographs.

The choice of polycarbonate and its characteristics

Choosing polycarbonate for a veranda is not difficult, especially when you know what characteristics are needed from it. Polycarbonate sheet in our time consists of several layers:

• protective layer filtering ultraviolet;
• a coating added to selectively transmit light;
• polycarbonate plate.

Changing these characteristics allows you to achieve any appearance and transmitted light from polycarbonate. The color can be anything - everything is limited only by the imagination of the master, however, in this work, a choice was made in favor of ordinary, transparent polycarbonate.

Sheet sizes also vary - from small panels of 1000x1500mm to huge sheets of 5000x10000mm, however, a polycarbonate sheet is easily cut with a construction knife. The thickness of the sheet affects its strength and wind resistance, but as the thickness increases, so does the price of each sheet.

It is worth remembering that the polycarbonate sheet on the roof of the veranda can crack very quickly under high pressure. This imposes restrictions on the creation of various roofs - large gaps between the rafters can lead to sheet breakage at the first serious snowdrifts.

In this project, we made only one row of beams, which went with a step of 866 mm, since it was made in the territory of the Crimea, where very little snow falls in winter. The main properties of monolithic and honeycomb panels can be found in the table below.

Veranda drawing

The drawing of the veranda helps to avoid various design errors, and you don’t need to be especially skilled in drawing, a regular sketch will do.

The image shows a schematic drawing of a veranda for a house 3 by 6 meters. The total width of the veranda - 6000mm is achieved due to the width of the roof. For the first beam, an indent of 300mm is made from the corners. The height of the vertical beams is 2000mm, they are placed with a gap of 1750mm. Frontal roof beam - 6000mm.

The drawing of the veranda shows the roof. For it, longitudinal logs 3000 mm long are used, which are located at a distance of 866 mm from each other.

This option for the arrangement of the bars allows you to achieve maximum transmission of the sun from the roofing - a small number of lags guarantees a greater flow of rays.

To strengthen the structure, it is possible to put bars 816 mm long between each longitudinal log with a step of 1000 mm from the beginning of the roof. This will firmly strengthen the polycarbonate sheets.

By the way, if you want to do it, look in the relevant material on our website.

Based on the measurements, we need:

• 1 beam 6000mm long;
• 7 bars 3000mm long;
• 4 beams 2000mm long.

The total roof area is 18 sq.m.

To strengthen the pillars, special metal legs with pins will be made, which are attached to the lower end of the beam and sunk into the concrete pillar during its pouring. They will need 4 pieces.

Preparatory activities

This veranda to the house (project, photo below) provides for the preparatory activities described in the table.

	1. 7 bars with a section of 50x150mm. All the main elements will be sawn from it, and from the remnants - the corners, which will serve to additionally secure the vertical supports.
	2. 4 metal supports that will be laid with concrete and provide stability to wooden beams
	3. You can make them from the remains of metal corners. They were pre-cut to a length of 100mm and then welded to each other with an exact fit of 50mm.
	4. A metal pin 500-600mm long is welded to them from below. The length is not very critical - the reinforcement will be inserted into future holes and poured with concrete. 4 holes are pre-drilled in each wall, into which self-tapping screws will then be screwed, which fix the pole in the support.
	5. Cellular polycarbonate with a total area of ​​18 sq.m. A sheet was purchased with a size of 2100x9000mm, 8mm thick. The sheet was cut for the future roof into pieces 3000x2100 in size, in total it took 3 such pieces. The remaining 300mm can either be cut off by cutting from the last sheet, or left. When cutting, it is better to leave a margin of 10-20mm to avoid shortages - this will insure you in case of an error in the calculations.
	6. You will also need steel billets 450mm long and 10-15mm wide.
	7. They are marked into three parts of 150mm. In the extreme parts, 3-4 holes are drilled, which will serve to screw in the self-tapping screws and then fasten the upper trim of the frame to the rungs of the house.
	8. We get the material ready for installation.
	9. Strips must be painted in any color. The most convenient way to do this is with ordinary enamel for iron. you can also read in a special article on our website (point 5).

A mixture is also required. Suitable cement "200". For 4 concrete columns, you will need about 1 bag of cement, 2 bags of coarse sand and about 2 volumes of gravel, which is necessary for strength.

Of the tools you need:

• manual circular saw;
• grinder with a grinding wheel, grain size - 150;
• electric planer;
• sandpaper to bring minor polishing flaws;
• a drill with a long drill for preparing holes in the corners and crossbars, as well as a nozzle for mixing the cementing mixture;
• screwdriver;
• rubber mallet;
• corner;
• level.

The designated list of tools will give you the opportunity to work calmly without spending a lot of time preparing the material. By the way, a circular saw can be completely replaced by a conventional hand saw, and an electric planer by a hand planer for wood.

You should definitely not refuse a screwdriver - it will help twist the structure and drill all the holes. Nails don't always perform well, especially when it involves knocking wood and metal together through a hole in the latter.

Column Foundation

The discussed project of the veranda to the house with their own hands as a support involves the use of timber with reinforcing pins screwed to them with a stand for connection (mortgage).

The lower harness is not used, the already laid tiles play the role of the floor. This is a good option to save on flooring without losing quality.

Step 10. For the future foundation, part of the tiles is disassembled and holes are dug in them.

Depth - about 300-400mm, diameter - about 200mm. Such a veranda is quite light, therefore it is not necessary to assemble a box for a column and fill it with a reinforced mesh. If you plan to install the lower trim using more materials, it is imperative to strengthen the posts. Let's move on to the next step - assembling the frame - which will bring us closer to answering the question of how to make a veranda for the house!

Frame assembly

The frame of the veranda will be assembled from timber. To do this, you must first saw it into blanks and bring it into a pleasant appearance by grinding. You should start by sawing 6000mm timber.

First, it is worth marking the desired dimensions with a tape measure. On four bars we mark out segments of 3000mm, on two more - 2000mm each, after which we begin to saw. It is advisable to do this before sanding, because when sawing an already sanded tree, burrs and ugly edges can remain.

To create this veranda, it is very important to monitor the angle of the supports - they must go exactly at 90 degrees, otherwise, the 6000 mm support log will lie unevenly and there will be gaps visible to the naked eye.

	11. We begin to process wood. Each board must be leveled with an electric planer. First, a layer is removed from one side.
	12. Next, remove from the other side. The difficulty in working can be with a wider side - without skill it is quite difficult to remove the same size on each side, and it is even harder to do this with a conventional, mechanical planer. The main thing is not to overdo it and not take off too much - the veranda board will be too free in the prepared corner.
	13. After trimming, we grind the surface with a grinder and a grinding wheel.
	14. We do the procedure with each board. After that, it is advisable to clean them in a dry, moisture-protected room so that the boards do not absorb water before being coated with a protective compound.

The remaining pieces of timber will go to the manufacture of corners. Good foothold:

• has an angle of 45 degrees;
• designed for the desired weight.

To do this, you do not need to have much experience - just measure the same distance on each side of the board on which it will be attached. Since, when connected, this construction will take the form of a triangle, the marked point will be its corners.

After that, you need to use the formula: a 3 \u003d b 2

Where a is the measured distance on the board, and b is the desired length of the outer side of the support. The distance on the board is cubed and the resulting number is placed in the root and extracted. You can also do this on a calculator - the resulting number will be accurate and will not let you down.

	15. To make an even 45 degree corner, simply gently fold one of the corners of the A4 paper sheet to the opposite side. The resulting angle will be 45 degrees.
	16. It is already possible to draw corners on it from the outside and saw it. After all the manipulations, we will get corners for the veranda almost ready for installation.
	17. We also grind them, and then we make holes perpendicular to the beveled plane with a long drill.
	18. It is better to make several holes in a checkerboard pattern - so the boards can be evenly pressed down over the entire area. With such holes, the frame will come out more even, and the screws will definitely not go beyond the board. It is important that the holes are somewhat smaller than the selected screws - otherwise we simply will not scroll the tree and the self-tapping screw will lie freely in the boards, without affecting the strength of the structure.
	19. After that, metal “legs” must be screwed to the future pillars for the veranda frame. First, they need to be placed at the ends of the beams. If they fit evenly, then this will have to be done with a hammer or mallet.
	20. After the support is level on the beam, it must be screwed on. 35mm screws were used, but you can take any that are at hand. It is necessary to twist first from one end, and then from the other.
	21. This is how we ensure the uniform location of the part. The self-tapping screws screwed in the middle are supporting ones, therefore they should be screwed in when the part is already in place. As a result, we get a similar design.
	22. We place the structure on the ground. The leftovers that are left after cutting can be used for support and more convenient twisting in the future.
	23. In our case, 200mm self-tapping screws are needed, which will be screwed on top of the veranda's load-bearing log, as well as 152mm self-tapping screws, which will fasten the corner supports to the boards.
	24. We twist everything, measuring the surfaces with a metal corner or a ruler - this way the frame will come out much smoother.
	25. It is better to drown the screw heads inside, or make them flush with the board - otherwise they will stick out, and when painting, excess varnish will collect and give smudges.
	26. After we have built a frame for the veranda with our own hands, it must be raised. One cannot cope here, so it is better to call a neighbor or friends. The raised frame must be strengthened with one longitudinal lag.
	27. In this case, it is temporarily fixed with a clamp, which pulls the two together. From the side of the house, the beam is fixed with a metal blank.
	28. To align, you can put the same metal corners under each rack.
	29. When the structure is leveled, it is necessary to start pouring the cementing mixture into the prepared holes. The mixture is made from cement, sand and gravel in a ratio of 1:2.5:2. Water should be added slowly until the future concrete reaches the desired viscosity. Do not make it too liquid or thick - it should flow off the spatula, because this way it will dry faster.
	30. When the mixture hardens, the frame will look like this. After that, it can be painted. For this veranda, a tinted antiseptic in the color “Walnut” was used with an additional coating of yacht varnish. Here you can use any kind of paints and antiseptics - everything is absolutely at your discretion.

Top harness

	30. Work for the upper strapping of the veranda begins with painting the longitudinal logs.
	31. Acrylic varnish was used for coating. It impregnates the wood from moisture and prevents the process of decay from developing, as it kills any bacterial infections.
	32. After finishing the painting, it is necessary to begin to fix the logs of the veranda between the house and the frame. It is better to attach it first to the house, and it is very convenient to do this with the help of prepared and painted plates. They are screwed on from both sides. The free edge can simply lie on the frame - the concrete should already hold it quite firmly. The lag that we used to align the frame is best twisted last, since it still holds the structure. We fasten the end of the frame with 200mm self-tapping screws.
	33. It is necessary to screw the screws into the frame quite accurately - otherwise, there is a risk of the screw passing to the side, through the tree, which will spoil the appearance of the structure. After fixing all the lags, the structure will hold firmly and will not be dependent on the wind.

Roofing roof

Step 34 We cover the roof with the help of already prepared polycarbonate sheets. They are fastened to the upper plane of the longitudinal ones with the help of self-tapping screws and special thermal washers. By the way, you can do without them - the veranda is open, and this will not particularly affect its insulation. The film from the surfaces must be removed in advance.

The polycarbonate sheet has two sides - back and front. On the front side there is a film with marks that the panel does not transmit ultraviolet rays.

You need to twist as slowly as possible, otherwise, there is a risk of cracking the polycarbonate.

Step 35. You may encounter a problem when the connection of two polycarbonate sheets goes beyond the log. In this case, a special jumper is used, which is both put on the sheet in advance and can be placed in it after. For this you need only a mallet. The jumper is driven in between the sheets and does not require special fastening.

Floor installation

On such a veranda, additional installation of the floor is not needed, but if it is required in the future, then you can simply create a bottom trim on small pillars along the edges and fix it with screws with existing lags. After that, the strapping can be covered with any finishing material - a terrace board, MDF board or linoleum.

After the completion of the work, it turns out such a beautiful open veranda made by hand.

The polycarbonate used gives excellent transmission to the sun's rays, protecting the place from ultraviolet radiation. However, if there is too much light for you, then you can sew, which will be lined under the ceiling - so they will cover the excess sun.

Decorating the racks with curtains or even large blinds would be a good idea. Also, you can hang multi-colored garlands that will bring some aesthetics of the new year even on the hottest evening, making the space more comfortable.

If you wash the floor well, it will be quite possible to walk on it barefoot, taking off your shoes on the threshold. It will be possible to place carpets and other utensils on the veranda, and a rocking chair or a hammock will be a great addition to the recreation area.

Video of the construction of a veranda from a bar

More details on how to build a veranda to the house with your own hands can be obtained from the video, which shows in detail all the processes described in the article. Special thanks to its creators for a clear and detailed explanation of all points!

And now let's look at how to build a closed veranda with your own hands to a country house.

Do-it-yourself closed veranda made of expanded clay blocks

A do-it-yourself veranda to the house in the country (the project and photos are described below) made of blocks is great for creating a warm room. It is quite durable and in the future can serve as a good basis for building a balcony.

Characteristics of building blocks

The veranda will be made using expanded clay blocks. The house itself is built from them, so they will harmonize perfectly. See the table of types and characteristics of such blocks below.

block type		Dimensions, mm	Density, kg/m3	Voidness, %	Strength grade	Frost resistance	Thermal conductivity	Weight, kg
four-slot		390x190x188	800-1000	40	m35-m50	f50	0,19-0,27	11-14
	390x190x188	800-1000	40	m35-m50	f50	0,19-0,27	11-14
	390x190x188	800-1000	40	m35-m50	f50	0,19-0,27	11-14
	390x230x188	800-1000	40	m35-m50	f50	0,19-0,27	13-16
	390x190x188	1000	20	m50	f50	0,27	14
	390x190x188	1200		m75	f50	0,36	17
	390x90x188	900	25	m35	not standardized	0,3	6
	390x90x188	1200		m50	not standardized	0,36	8

The blocks, despite their impressive size, are very light and at the same time heat-resistant, therefore the closed version of the veranda can be easily insulated in the future without erecting thick layers of insulation or sandwich panels.

The size of the blocks used is 390x190x188mm, it is quite common and available in any store. If necessary, expanded clay is easily cut into pieces using a grinder and a stone disc.

Drawing and project

In order not to be mistaken during construction, it is better to think over in advance the project of a veranda for building with your own hands in the country. We work with expanded clay blocks, so a more solid strip foundation is required.

You need to start the development of the project with the calculation of the territory. In this case, a veranda is being made to the country house at the main entrance, so you need to calculate the area next to it.

2500mm retreats from the house, 3500mm is taken in width. Foundation height 500mm. Wall height - 2300mm, with the highest point of the roof - 3060mm. In addition, two doorways will be located, for which a width of 750mm is taken, as well as a window combined with the front door.

The roof will be sloped, one part is attached to the house, the other - to the erected walls. The floor is poured with concrete and in the future, it can be covered with any finishing material.

In total, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room will turn out to be approximately 4.5 square meters, the construction volume will be about 10 cubic meters, excluding the roof drop. You can get acquainted with the drawing of the veranda below.

Tools and materials

To build a veranda in the country with our own hands, we need:

• Expanded clay concrete blocks;
• Cement;
• Sand;
• Gravel;
• Wooden bars and boards;
• Metal profile for roofing.

The amount of expanded clay concrete is calculated depending on the height and width of the wall. It took us about 150 expanded clay blocks, taking into account the cut.

Cement is taken with the calculation of 1 bag per 2 sq.m., 2.5 parts of sand and 2 parts of gravel are added to it. To save on cement, old concrete blocks will be laid inside, which will allow filling the entire volume faster.

Sand is not necessary to buy - if you have old, unsifted sand, you can clean it with a similar sieve.

Any metal mesh with small cells, nailed to a box of boards, will help out great and make the old sand “newer”.

For formwork, you can use any more or less even boards that are suitable for creating a flat surface. You will need one board, 50x150mm and a length of 2500mm, and one beam, 150x150mm. The lags will be 50x150mm in size and approximately 2200mm long.

The metal profile is taken taking into account the surface - in here it is equal to 14 sq.m.

Of the tools we need:

• Concrete mixer;
• Perforator;
• Accurate level;
• Putty knife;
• A circular saw;
• Bulgarian woman with a stone saw.

By the way, a circular saw can be replaced with a grinder with circles on wood, but a circular saw will give a much more even and accurate cut.

Strip foundation

	1. To start construction, you need to dig a ditch. We will dig to the level of freezing - 500mm. Taking into account that we will make the height of the foundation 500mm, then these dimensions will be enough for strength.
	2. To speed up the pouring and spend less cement and sand on work, we will place old concrete pillars inside that are not used anywhere.
	3. After that, you can start building formwork. It should be about 500mm above the ditch. Any boards can be used, however, the gaps between them should not allow concrete to pass through, and the surface adjacent to the concrete should be flat.
	4. So that the formwork of the future veranda does not disperse, we twist the boards together into small pegs, and put the resulting shields on supports. They can rest on any solid surface, or be driven into the ground and screwed to the formwork. To get a foundation that is even in width, add spacers from small pegs.
	5. As the concrete is poured, the spacers will be removed. After finishing, we check everything for evenness with the help of a level. It will turn out such a “trench” into which concrete will be poured. To fix the width of the formwork, the walls can be twisted from above with small boards. This will not allow her to disperse or collapse.
	6. After that, we begin to pour concrete for the base of the veranda. We remove the pegs as the concrete is poured, since they are not needed as part of the future foundation. After full filling, we level the surface - this is necessary for the even laying of expanded clay concrete blocks. In case of rain, it is advisable to cover the damp concrete, otherwise it may absorb excess liquid. After the concrete has hardened, the formwork must be removed.

Monolithic slab as a floor

During the construction of the veranda, the option of a completely concrete floor of a monolithic pour was chosen, which allows you to put any coating on top.

	7. First, you should raise the floor. For this, either old concrete floors, or ordinary earth, which should be compacted very tightly, are suitable. With a house foundation height of 700mm, it is necessary to raise the floor by about 400-450mm from the ground. After that, the surface is laid out with cellophane to isolate from moisture.
	8. For strength, any reinforced mesh is laid out on the floor of the veranda. To save money, you can use old crates from beds or mattress springs - they are no worse. Especially firmly it is necessary to strengthen the most used places - the entrances.
	9. After that, the mixture is started and the floor is filled with it by about 5-7 mm.
	10. After finishing the mixture, let it dry for one day. You can level with a wide spatula or any even and smooth board.
	11. For convenience, a step will be filled. For it, we separately assemble a reinforced frame.
	13. Fill with more liquid concrete. This step will last for decades! After it dries, we advise you to pave.

Laying of expanded clay concrete blocks

After the floor is ready, you can start laying the walls of the veranda. In this case, the opposite was done, however, it makes no difference, but with the field already made, it will be more convenient to work.

	14. Before starting work, it is necessary to put waterproofing. For this, a special mastic made of bitumen and rubber was used.
	15. A layer of roofing felt is laid on top, which will not let in any moisture rising from the ground. If you do not have mastic, you can use ordinary tar or bitumen - they are no worse in effect. They should be laid in an even layer, since the extra pieces do not allow you to create an even masonry.
	16. Before fixing the blocks with a mixture, they should be placed on the foundation and tried on. You can stretch the thread along the edges of the corner blocks - it will show the border of the masonry.
	17. After trying on and leveling, you can start laying the blocks. The masonry must be checked by the level that is placed between adjacent blocks. The mixture for expanded clay concrete blocks is kneaded, if possible, in a concrete mixer - it requires quite a lot of volume, and it is undesirable to be distracted once again by tedious work. If necessary, the amount of mixture under the block is added, or the excess is removed.
	18. After readiness, the masonry must be allowed to dry. The top layers and mixture absorb moisture well, therefore, to speed up the process and protect from the weather, you need to cover them with cellophane.

veranda roof truss system

	19. To install the rafters, you will need one rectangular beam and one square. First, a beam is attached from the side of the house.
	20. Using a perforator, holes are made in the beam and wall. When working with a beam, you need to use the drilling mode, and with the wall of the house - the combined mode. After drilling, it is necessary to hammer in the dowels. It is enough to use dowels for 200-300mm, which are strengthened with a hammer.
	21. After that, the beam of the veranda is strengthened with additional corners.
	22. The next step is to lay the timber on the pillars of the wall. The beam together with the wall is drilled 300-400mm.
	23. A metal pin is driven in. It can be bought at a store, or made from improvised materials, for example, a piece of an old lever from a car.
	24. Next, the rafters are laid out, on which the roof will hold. They must be laid out with an interval of 150-250 mm, otherwise the roof may be squeezed under the weight of snow.
	25. The rafters are fixed with self-tapping screws or nails.

Rafters can be treated with impregnation and antiseptic - so they will last much longer and will not require replacement.

Roof decking and painting

	26. For the roof of our small veranda, a metal profile is used - for starters, it is lined across the entire roof so that it is convenient to measure and, if necessary, cut it.
	27. You also need to make sure that there is a margin around the edges that prevents water from getting on the rafters. The next sheet is screwed on top of the previous one, forming an overlap that will protect the veranda from rain and wind.
	28. To refresh the appearance of the sheets, the roof can be additionally painted with enamel or nitro paint.
	29. When choosing a color, you need to take into account the primary paint on the roof - white colors will require several layers to completely lay down on darker ones. After that, the very frame of our cozy veranda will be ready for sheathing, inserting windows and, if necessary, insulation.

Video of the construction of a covered veranda

More details, as well as a description of the process, can be seen in these videos. Special thanks to the creator of the presented videos for the relevant and useful information!

The first part is the foundation:

The second part - walls and floor:

The third part is the roof:

How to avoid defects in construction

Construction is invariably associated with errors, they must be eliminated or minimized in every possible way.

Approximately half of all defects are associated with uneven areas. Masonry, which was not checked for level and came out skewed, is short-lived and will quickly crack, and uneven beams will transfer curvature to the roof.

To avoid this, it is imperative to use a level and a square. The first will create a flat surface relative to the ground, and the second will make even 90-degree angles.

Do not be afraid of preliminary calculations - accuracy will help you save material and get rid of defects in buildings. When working with masonry and wood, one should not forget the usual laws of mathematics - the dependence of the sides on the angles of a triangle and the calculation of the area and volume of geometric shapes. Even despite the famous phrase of Albert Einstein.

The tool also plays a role, but the dependence here can be traced not on its cost, but on the quality and skills of the master. A good metal planer will do much more than a cheap electric planer, and it's not a fact that an expensive one will be much better.

How to insulate a veranda

You can only insulate a closed veranda - for an open one it does not make sense. The degree of insulation required varies by region. For example, for the Crimea and the Krasnodar Territory, where the temperature rarely drops below zero, ordinary compacted polypropylene is sufficient, placed under the walls, ceiling and floor.

Colder regions require warmer solutions - foam sheets, polystyrene foam, felt and other materials. When insulating, it is not so much the thickness that is important - how much the absence of “bare” areas and holes in the walls. All surfaces must be insulated, from ceiling to floor.

Also, with a strip foundation, you need to take care of the absence of holes in it - the cement itself creates a good air cushion, which must be protected from the cold.

There are a huge number of materials for laying the floor - linoleum, decking, tiles, rubber coating and others. It all depends more on your preferences and design decisions, however, there are some features of the materials.

Tiles are always much colder than linoleum or decking, but they are extremely resistant to all kinds of wear and tear. Linoleum is sometimes easily torn, but much warmer. Everything is dictated by the characteristics of your home and region, as well as by the open or closed veranda.

Also, do not forget about the possibility of painting the flooring. The paint can look very beautiful - for example, rubber paint for concrete surfaces creates a resistant and durable coating. Boards can be painted at all every year, updating their appearance and keeping them from wear and tear.

How to insert a window into the veranda?

Veranda glazing depends on your requirements. To equip you need only a window opening. If desired, you can also glaze an ordinary veranda - high sliding windows with doors will be an excellent design solution for any home.

The cost of the issue depends on the glasses themselves. A cheap option is ordinary glass without the possibility of opening, but this is absolutely impractical. The complexity of the work is dictated by the features of the veranda - it is much more difficult to insert windows if they were not planned.

Surely everyone will say that outdoor recreation is wonderful. And if he is also civilized, cultivated, then he has no price at all! Many owners of their own houses with plots equip them with a terrace, as a rule, even during the construction of the house. After all, the terrace attached to the house is just a cultivated and ennobled place for a wonderful holiday! There are also separate terraces. But in this article we will focus on the attached version.

In addition, terraces can be open plan, closed, semi-closed. The only thing that should not be confused with this type of arrangement of the territory is verandas, which are closed terraces that are not glazed, but have a roof.

If you have an open terrace, you can place a lot of things on it for a comfortable rest and pastime. But for the hot summer period, you should make sure that the sun gets here as little as possible. Maybe put up an awning, set up a garden umbrella.

As you may have already noticed in the photo of the terraces attached to the house, their forms are not too diverse. They can be square or rectangular, asymmetrical or enveloping the structure around its perimeter. In the latter case, it is appropriate to draw up only if the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site near the house is not too large, and at the same time the terrace cannot be made wide.

The terrace can also be single or multi-level. It can be located near the main entrance to the house, or maybe in the backyard. Often, it is nevertheless drawn up precisely from the south side, because this way you can enjoy the sun's rays for the maximum number of days throughout the year!

Execution Styles

Among the most popular styles are:

1. Modern. It is comfortable here, but at the same time, the minimum of everything. Simple and functional, strict lines, concise forms, cozy and comfortable. The furniture is simple but practical. The same applies to the decor, if it is, then the most functional or not at all.
2. Traditional. Here you can not do without decor. Moreover, it can be used in a wide variety of forms. It is customary to use natural materials, for example, the same wood and stone. It is worth talking about the presence of a railing on such a terrace only after it is clear at what height the flooring is relative to the ground, whether small children, pets will run, and indeed, depending on what your preferences are. If you decide that railings are necessary to make your terrace safer, consider the beauty of their design as well.
3. Colonial. Here it is customary to use as a basis - the architecture of the classical style, in which colorful elements are applied. This style is practical, beautiful, comfortable and symmetrical, decorated with fresh flowers, and architectural elements are borrowed from former colonial countries.
4. Coastal. This option is perfect if the house is located near the sea or a reservoir. But that's the way it is. Being in such a place, I want everything to be most harmonious with each other, combined with the surrounding nature. Here you should pay special attention to the finishing materials that will be used. For example, it can be a gray composite decking, or it can be a gray tone cedar. In any case, the view from the terrace should open onto the water (sea or pond).
5. Country, in which everything is comfortable and convenient, can look stylish and original at the same time.

How to attach a terrace to the house - options

In fact, there are many. And, in the end, no one forbids you to fantasize about this. But let's look at the main ones.

A very common design option. To some extent, it resembles a living room, where there is upholstered furniture, a low table, and sometimes even a fireplace! The only difference from the living space is that garden-type furniture is being arranged. But to give softness and comfort, garden furniture is equipped with numerous pillows, blankets, covers with ties or zippers, etc.

Eating outdoors? What could be more beautiful!

But every dish served will seem incredibly tasty if you use it on an open terrace attached to the house! Therefore, we can say with confidence that every owner of the house definitely equips himself with such an opportunity! If you equip this option on an open type of terrace, family dinners, as well as guest receptions, will be held in any bad weather. Also use garden furniture options. At your own discretion, you can install equipment with which food is cooked.

Equipping a hanging sofa in the recreation area, take care of a small table near it. You'll need it, you'll see!

Terrace decor

Regardless of the shape and type of terrace, there are some universal ways to create decor. So, for example, there can be lighting devices, thought out and organized in a variety of variations. The same wall lanterns with forged structures, and maybe a design version of pendant lamps.

On the veranda attached to the house, it is original to install a fireplace, near which there are soft sofas and wicker tables. The level of comfort will go off scale, and your guests will not want to leave you!

Plants for decoration can be used both growing and just in flowerpots. The main thing is to think about which types you prefer.

The terrace is modest. How to apply?

Even the smallest area can be very comfortably ennobled. For example, decorate it with flowers (pots), put a couple of chairs (garden furniture) or chairs. For lighting and decorative function, install a lamp. You can put a bright, unusual and original small rug in front of the door and voila!

Well, if you can’t figure out how to organize the space around your own home, don’t despair! There is always a way to turn to a professional designer who will do everything himself - for you!

100 photos - terrace design in a modern style